Module 1 Introduction to OP Terminology B 1

Module 1 Introduction to O&P Terminology B 1. 0 O&P Terminology and Techniques

Terminology & Techniques Planes

Planes • Frontal – Coronal

Sagittal Planes • Frontal • Sagittal

Transverse Planes • Frontal • Sagittal • Transverse

Terminology & Techniques Open Kinetic Chain • Open • Distal segment free

Terminology & Techniques Closed Kinetic Chain • Open • Closed • Distal segment fixed

Body Positions • Anterior – Posterior

Superior and Inferior Body Positions • Anterior – Posterior • Superior – Inferior

Proximal and Distal Body Positions • Anterior – Posterior • Superior – Inferior • Proximal – Distal

Plantar and Dorsal Body Positions • Anterior – Posterior • Superior – Inferior • Proximal – Distal • Plantar – Dorsal

Medial and Lateral Body Positions • Anterior – Posterior • Superior – Inferior • Proximal – Distal • Plantar – Dorsal • Medial – Lateral

Flexion and Extension Joint Positions • Flexion – Extension

Abduction and Adduction Joint Positions • Flexion – Extension • Abduction – Adduction (Ending position of most distal segment)

Valgus and Varus Joint Positions • Flexion – Extension • Abduction – Adduction • Valgus – Varus

Inversion and Eversion Joint Positions • Flexion – Extension • Abduction – Adduction • Valgus – Varus • Inversion – Eversion

Lateral and Medial Joint Positions • Flexion – Extension • Abduction – Adduction • Valgus – Varus • Inversion – Eversion • External – Internal • (Lateral) (Medial)

Pronation and Supination Joint Positions • Flexion – Extension • Abduction – Adduction • Valgus – Varus • Inversion – Eversion • External – Internal • Pronation – Supination

Tri-plane Motion • Pronation (Foot) • Eversion (Calcaneus) • Dorsiflexion (Foot/Ankle) • Abduction (Forefoot/Midfoot) • Supination (Foot) • Inversion (Calcaneus) • Plantarflexion (Foot/Ankle) • Adduction (Forefoot/Midfoot)

Support Systems • Compressive

Three Point Support Systems • Compressive • 3 -point

Three Point Support, continued Support Systems Compressive 3 -point

Four Point Support Systems • Compressive • 3 -point • 4 -point

Four Point Support, continued Support Systems • Compressive • 3 -point • 4 -point

Double Three Point Support Systems • Compressive • 3 -point • 4 -point • Double 3 -point

Support Systems True or False Support Systems • True or false: • External supports weaken muscles

Lever Arms

Lever Arms, continued Lever Arms

Long Lever Arms • • Lever Arms The longer the lever arm the lower the pressure on soft tissue

Tibia, Knee, and Ankle Lever Arms

Midpoint Lever Arms

Control Lever Arms

Pressure Distribution Lever Arms

Support Function • • Lever Arms Less is more? • Support function

Pressure Distribution, continued • Pressure Distribution • Pressure(P) = Force(F) divided by Area(A) • P = F/A • The greater the contact area the less the surface pressure

Soft Tissue Deformation • Pressure Distribution • Soft tissue deformation – inevitable when applying a device to the body • Can be used to orthotic advantage to stabilize underlying structure

Pedorthic Program of Study This workforce product was funded by a grant awarded by the U. S. Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration. The product was created by the grantee and does not necessarily reflect the official position of the U. S. Department of Labor. The U. S. Department of Labor makes no guarantees, warranties, or assurances of any kind, express or implied, with respect to such information, including any information on linked sites and including, but not limited to, accuracy of the information or its completeness, timeliness, usefulness, adequacy, continued availability, or ownership. Produced 2016. HOPE Careers Consortium is a partnership of five institutions of higher education that is building exciting new programs that will provide valuable career education and training in the Orthotics, Prosthetics, and Pedorthics (O&P) sector. The five institutions are: Baker College—Flint, Michigan; Century College—White Bear Lake, Minnesota; Oklahoma State University Institute of Technology—Okmulgee, Oklahoma; Spokane Falls Community College—Spokane, Washington; and St. Petersburg College—St. Petersburg, Florida. Although the authoring institution of this educational resource has made every effort to ensure that the information presented is correct, the institution assumes no liability to any party for any loss, damage, or disruption caused by errors or omissions. Except where otherwise noted, this work by St. Petersburg College is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4. 0 International License. To view a copy of this license, click on the following link: Creative Commons Licenses 4. 0.