MODIS Terra Data and Imagery for near realtime

MODIS Terra Data and Imagery for near real-time Applications Air Quality - Dust storms – Fires – Vegetation for agricultural monitoring – Floods – Ash Plumes – Drought – Smoke Plumes – Sea / Lake Ice – Severe Storms

Summary Applications highlighted § AIRNow Tech – Air Quality § GMAO – Global aerosol modeling § Global Flood Mapping - § FIRMS – Fire Information for Resource Management System MODIS NRT imagery (AOD and MODIS True Color) are ingested in to Air. Now-Tech (via GIBS); a password-protected, interactive website and decision support system developed by the EPA for managing ambient air quality and meteorological data submitted to Air. Now. Daily biomass burning emissions are derived from MODIS radiative power retrievals and cloudcleared MODIS reflectances are the main ingredients of the aerosol forecasting and data assimilation system, GEOS-5. Run by GMAO, the Earth system models source and sink processes for dust, sulfate, sea salt, and black and organic carbon aerosols. MODIS –derived flood products have been used by a range of organizations. Examples of imagery being used showing floods has been shown on The Weather Channel and used by the Thai Government FIRMS sends out approximately 200 fire email alerts every day to users in over 100 countries as well as making data available online and in easy to use formats. § Information from FIRMS has been used for identifying illegal clearing in protected forests (example from Belize). § Madhya Pradesh and Forestry Departments in India re-distribute FIRMS data as SMS text messages to § SMS alerts sent out by Forestry Departments in India

Summary Applications in this slide deck § § § GEOGLAM Crop Monitor – Agricultural Monitoring**Terra only Global crop monitoring of maize, wheat, soya bean and rice. The system has been endorsed by the G 20 Heads of State FEWSNet – USGS and USAID Famine Early Warning System drought monitoring Sea / Lake Ice Monitoring § Polar Geospatial Centre – obtains the latest sea ice information for shipping vessels in Antarctica § Chasse and Peche – Using MODIS images in Worldview to see whether lakes are still frozen for spring fishing and hunting § SPo. RT – Short-term Prediction Research and Transition (SPo. RT) Center: uses LANCE MODIS data to provide near real-time information for weather and disaster applications where direct broadcast data are unavailable

Slide courtesy of Adam Pasch, Sonoma Technology 4

Slide courtesy of Adam Pasch, Sonoma Technology 5

Slide courtesy of Adam Pasch, Sonoma Technology 6

GMAO – GEOS-5 Global Aerosol Forecasting

Global Flood Mapping http: //oas. gsfc. nasa. gov/floodmap 070 E 040 N (NE Pakistan) Continental tile index for Asia 070 E 040 N (NE Pakistan) date selector product/format downloads 8

Selection of end users Geo. SUR Map. Action UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs World Food Program NRCC – National Response Coordination Center

The Weather Channel uses MODIS imagery to show Texas Oklahoma Reservoirs 10

Near-real-time applications: Monitoring floods in Thailand “ …twice daily flood monitoring using MODIS images and posted them on www. thaiflood. com for over 4 months from October 2011 until January 2012. We also used MODIS to trigger EO-1 flood and fire sensorweb …” 11 Photos courtesy of Veerachai Tanipapit

Flooding in Thailand 7 -2 -1 Population 1 December 2011 Terra Slide courtesy of Jeff Schmaltz 12

NASA’s Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS) Value Added Services Fire Email Alerts Visualize imagery GIS compatible data Data processing at SIPS in NRT (LANCE) End users adding value: Customized Email and SMS alerts, press releases 13

Global Forest Watch: tracking forest fires and haze in the ASEAN region 14

Fire email alerts: help identify forest clearing in Belize. The Friends of Conservation and Development in Belize use FIRMS fire alerts to identify areas being impacted by the advancement of the agricultural frontier and where we would need to put interventions. ‘This technology, because it comes from satellite imagery, and comes from an international source, gives us a higher magnitude of confidence for the authorities about what is taking place in the area. ” Left: photo taken during a reconnaissance flight, triggered by a FIRMS fire alert, showing illegal clearing in Chiquibul National Park Photo courtesy of Friends for Conservation and Development, Belize)

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Crop Monitor Interface for Crop Condition Assessments Slide from C. Justice and I. Becker-Reshef, Geo. GLAM /UMD

Monitoring Sea Ice to help ships in Antarctica Monitoring Lake Ice to inform fishermen and hunters 18

We're trying to figure out where to go after we depart Rothera Sunday morning. Normally we would shoot straight to Charcot Island, but it seems to be deep in the ice, so an idea where the ice is, relative to our outer line stations would really help 19 th Jan 2012 ARSV LM Gould of the US Antarctic Program A B Charcot Island Slide courtesy of Paul Morin, PGC Google Earth Basemap with LTER Locations

“The takeaway from this is the combination of LANCE and Polarview is how we get ice conditions to the ships in Antarctica” Slide courtesy of Paul Morin, PGC MODIS Bands 367

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Know when your lake thaws: A “how to” video posted online to show spring fishermen how to use MODIS imagery in Worldview to see if the ice lake has thawed. Over 11, 000 views http: //www. aventure-chasse-peche-video. com/video/6554/Worldview--Sachez-quand -votre-lac-d%C 3%A 9 g%C 3%A 8 le-en-quelques-clics 22

USGS routinely uses MODIS NRT to create e. MODIS NDVI maps for FEWS NET 23

NRT MODIS to Identify hail or tornado damage • The LANCE API is used to collect MODIS observations, from which NDVI and NDVI change are derived. • Short-term NDVI change following severe weather can be used to identify hail or tornado damage scars, when corroborated with other storm information. • Providing data to the NOAA/NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit via WMS for use in the field. Example MODIS NDVI difference product derived from LANCE observations and shown in the NOAA/NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit

Backup Material

Air. Now Tech Navigator – Air Quality Air. Now is America’s “go to” resource for current and forecasted air quality information. Significant gaps exist in the existing PM 2. 5 monitoring. NRT MODIS data (True Color and AOD) helps fill the gaps. Air. Now Tech Navigator 2. 0 Example: July 4, 2012 (visible smoke) AOD 0. 70 0. 27 Slide courtesy of Adam Pasch, Sonoma Technology 24 -hr average PM 2. 5 – Air. Now WMS HYSPLIT Trajectory – NOAA ARL Terra & Aqua AOD – NASA GIBS WMS

Condition Synthesis Maps Covering All AMIS Crops Crop Conditions as of April 28 th, 2015 Quick and easy to interpret crop conditions oriented for non RS community Crop condition map synthesizing information for all four AMIS crops. Crops that are in other than favorable conditions are displayed on the map with their crop symbol. (Cropland area shown is an aggregation of all cropland areas) 27

Crop Condition Pie Charts by Crop Conditions as of April 28 th, 2015 28

The Monthly Crop Monitor Monthly Bulletin Operational since Sept 2013 10

EOS Imagery Available Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS) • Most imagery is available within 3 -5 hours of observation • Supported application areas include air quality, flood monitoring, wildfire management, shipping Yosemite Rim Fire, 2013 August 20 -24 Sea ice near Nome, AK, 2014 April 23 -28 30

NASA Earth Observation (EO) Data Products § § NASA Satellite missions are based on key science questions Once on orbit, the value of the mission is multiplied by the many possibilities afforded by the data – many of which were not part of the original justification for the mission § The value is increased by every link in the chain. LANCE NRT capability EOS Data Operations Data capture and Level 0 processing Science Investigatorled Processing Systems Higher level product generation Distributed Archive Centers Models Reformat Subset Re-project Visualize How-to’s Guides Assimilate Forecast Infer 31