Modern and Contemporary 1900 Present Modern and Contemporary

Modern and Contemporary 1900 -Present

Modern and Contemporary • The turn of the century (19 th-20 th) was full of “isms”. • Time of diversity of styles, experimentation and creativity within the art world. • Many of these “isms” reflected the political, social, literary, philosophical, industrial, and scientific influences in a rapidly changing world.

Examples of “isms” during this time • • • Expressionism Fauvism Cubism Futurism Surrealism Automatism Constructivism Minimalism abstractionism

• All of the different movements during this time. – They may have borrowed some small technique or style from past movements But they still maintained their own identity • During this time there was optimism however there was also dark times reflecting the turmoil of the times • There were challenging political forces that thrust artist into the unknown and artist translated their interpretations of what was happening through various forms of artwork.

Techniques of this time… • Use of color in expressionistic manner • The fragmentation of objects • The non-objective creations of lines and shapes • The repetition of form to create movement • Analytical definition of objects

• Art in the 20 th century America also reflected the diversity of American citizens. • Jacob Lawrence began portraying the everyday lives of African Americans: – Paved the way for generations of new African American artist. – Confrontation At the bridge, 1975.

• Mexico’s great muralist Diego Rivera (18861957) was a revolutionary painter who took art to the public in a big way, social relevance. • Flower seller • Explored the Struggles of the Working class. • Reintroduced fresco

Mural by Rivera

Influences… • The Russian Revolution and World War I spread fear around the world • Scientific advancements were numerous • Many medical advancements were taking place during this time • Philosophical way of thinking and rise of psychology

Influences cont… • The world was becoming smaller with the advancement of technology in mass communication. • Knowledge about other places and people was available easily.

Artist: European Salvador Dali (1904 -1989) • A great surrealist, born in Spain • Surrealist movement was greatly influenced by theories of psychiatrist Sigmund Freud and belief that dreams were windows into the subconscious mind. • Surrealism: 20 th century art movement that produced works containing elements of dreams, fantasy or irrationality. • Many surrealist painting are unconventional and startling as dreams.

The persistence of Memory

Swans reflecting elephants

Pablo Picasso 1881 -1973 • Played a role in almost every 20 th century art movement. • Created around 22, 000 works of art in his life time in a variety of media: sculpture, ceramics, mosaics, stage design, graphic arts. • He experimented with abstraction and use of color • Known for his color periods: a Blue Period and a Rose Period

Blue Period

Rose Period

Picasso cont… • Picasso was intrigued by African art and masks – This led to the beginning of his ideas of Cubism • Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque developed Cubism • Cubism: A 20 th century art movement in which the subject matter is broken up. Analyzed, and reassembled in abstract form, emphasizing geometric shapes.

Georgia O’Keefe 1887 -1986 American artisit She was an art teacher Famous for painting large flowers Also, for creating large scale abstraction using natural form • White flower on Red Earth • •

Cow’s Skull

Andy Warhol 1928 -1987 • Began making work of everyday images from pop culture • Commercial artist and printer • Became famous for his Campbell soup can images • Was famous for Pop Art and focused on celebrities and everyday objects of mass production

• Pop Art: An art style, also known as Neo-Dada developed in the 1950’s. Pop artists depicted and satirized popular culture such as mass media symbols, comic strips, fast food, billboards, and brand name products.

Andy Warhol

Dorothea Lange • Influential photographer and photo journalist • Lange's photographs humanized the tragic consequences of the Great Depression and profoundly influenced the development of documentary photographs. • Main photographer of the Depression Era.

Migrant Mother

Frank Lloyd Wright • American architect, writer, interior designer and educator • Promoted organic architecture • His work includes original and innovative examples of many different building types, including offices, churches, schools, sky scrapers, hotels, and museums.

Frank Lloyd Wright (1867 - 1959), Fallingwater, Kaufmann House, Bear Run, Pennsylvania, 1936. What is Architecture