Models of Matter The Particle Theory 9 Science

Models of Matter: The Particle Theory 9 Science

Matter • Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space

The Particle Theory of Matter • 1) All matter is made up of tiny particles • 2) All particles of one substance are the same. Different substances are made of different particles. • 3) The particles are always moving. The more energy the particles have, the faster they move • 4) There attractive forces between the particles. These forces are stronger when the particles are closer together.

Pure Substances and Mixtures • Pure Substance – Contains only one type of particle (example: aluminum foil, sugar) • Mixture – contains at least two different pure substances, or two different types of particles (example: milk, cookies)

Solutions • A mixture where you can only see one phase, or part, of the mixture

Heterogeneous Mixture • A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture where you can clearly see both parts of the mixture.

Elements and Compounds • Elements – Pure substances that can not be broken down into simpler substances. These are found on the periodic table. (Example: Oxygen, Hydrogen) • Compounds – pure substances that contain two or more elements in a fixed proportion. (Example: water, sugar)

Atoms • Atoms are the smallest particle of matter. Each element is made of one type of atom.

Molecules • Molecules are formed when two or more atoms join together.