Models of Illness Dr Bruce Davies Why Models
Models of Illness Dr Bruce Davies
Why Models? ¬ What is an illness? ¬ What is health? ¬ Not just the absence of disease. ¬ Many ways of looking at what constitutes health and disease.
Roles ¬ Help us understand our role and the needs of patients. ¬ Why? ¬ Illness behaviour. ¬ Fashion. ¬ Social context. ¬ Political context.
Illness Models ¬Magic model. ¬Moral model. ¬Political model. ¬Behavioural model. ¬Psychoanalytical model. ¬Cognitive dissonance model.
Illness Models ¬Systems theory model. ¬Anti-psychiatric model. ¬Radical model. ¬Sociological model. ¬Humanistic model.
Magic Model ¬Said to be common in Haiti, perhaps a rather condescending idea! ¬The western model of “it’s a viral infection” is however identical!
Moral Model ¬ Retribution for deviant behaviour. ¬ Where the blame is shifted to the patient. ¬ “Perhaps that will teach you to do as you are told and keep your coat on. ”
Political Model ¬ Improved working conditions will treat back pain. ¬ Higher pensions will make all the elderly well. ¬ Better housing etc.
Behavioural Model ¬Manipulative behaviours. ¬Compensation claims. ¬Secondary gains. ¬What are they getting out of it? ¬Enhanced benefits if unemployed.
Psychoanalytical Model ¬Illness is the ego’s attempt to defend itself against unresolved unconscious conflicts. ¬Why is cancer more likely within 18 months of a bereavement?
Cognitive Dissonance Model ¬ Discrepancy between self-image and reality. ¬ Classic example is anorexia nervosa.
Systems Theory Model ¬Regulating factor modifying or stabilising a family’s interpersonal processes. ¬For example asthma in a 6 year old, in a marital breakdown.
Anti-psychiatric Model ¬Illness is “A booby prize for being the loser in a family’s internal power struggle”
Radical Model ¬ An invented label. ¬ The monopolistic medical profession. ¬ Why to rates of common operations (i. e. hysterectomy) vary with out measurable effects on health?
Sociological Model ¬ Illness is what you call it if you want a doctor to deal with it – ie delinquency. ¬ Anti-social behaviour is what you call it if you want the legal system to deal with it – ie delinquency ¬ etc
Humanistic Model ¬Illness is a sign of frustrated human potential.
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