Modelling Applications Applications of ICT in Manufacturing Industries

Modelling Applications, Applications of ICT in Manufacturing Industries (I) Week 2: Booking Systems, Banking applications (I) Week 3: Computers in medicine, Expert systems (I) Week 4: Computers in the retail industry, Recognition systems (I) Week 5: Monitoring and tracking systems, Satellite systems (I) Week 6 - 7: The Systems Life Cycle (I), System Development Cycle (W) and Program Development Cycle (W) Week 8: Safety and Security (I) Week 9: Computer Ethics and Human Issues - Security And Ethics (W) Week 10: Revision Week 1: SSS 2 Scheme of Work (Third/Summer Term)

Lesson Outlines: Week 1 Modelling Applications and Applications of ICT in Manufacturing Industries (I) Define a computer model Reasons why computer models are used Areas where computer models are used/applied describe the use of computer modelling in spreadsheets (e. g. for personal finance)

Is a model which would replicate (simulate) the functions of a real system. Why we use Computer Models? Cheaper than building the real thing Saves time by testing a system before you build it. e. g. creating bridges A computer model To train people how to use the system in a safe controlled environment. e. g. Flight Simulators To investigate the capabilities of the system in detail by interrogating and manipulating the computer model To make predictions of how the system would operate in the future. e. g. Use of spreadsheets to track profit/loss over time Quicker to see results rather than building it Safer than building the real thing Easier to change variables in the model/can use what ifs

Spreadsheet Simulations (Flight/pilot, Building, fire) Types of Modelling Application Traffic lights control Mathematical models Civil engineering model Design of fairground rides Weather forecast models Population modelling

Spreadsheet Business used can use spreadsheets to forecast spreadsheet models to forecast future profit or loss. Due to the use of formulas business can adjust certain values to see automatic changes in potential revenue. Types of Modelling Application … Simulations (Flight/pilot, Building, fire) Pilots are able to learn how to fly a plane using a flight simulator. The controls and the interface is the same as real plane. Different conditions can be tested. Reduced costs as a plane would not be damaged in the training. Traffic lights control A traffic light simulator looks at the flow of traffic (data captured from sensors). The simulator will adjust the lights to best control the flow of traffic.

Computer modeling simulates the functions of a real system in controlled environment. For example, a pilot training to fly a plane will use a flight simulator. It will be a safer environment and also reduce costs as a real plane will not have to be used or damaged. Spreadsheets are another example of computer modelling. User can use spreadsheets to investigate the data and to make predictions. For example, projected profits for a month can be calculated on spreadsheets.

ICT in manufacturing industries Keywords: Automation , Microprocessor, Efficient, Repetitive Explain how computerised robots have changed how products (such as cars) are manufactured. List the different types of manufacturing jobs that robots are used for. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using computerised robots in manufacturing.

Robots are being used within manufacturing more and more. They are very good at carrying out tasks that are too dangerous or boring for humans to tackle. Before robots, manufacturing in factories was carried out by people. People are not very fast at making stuff and they also sometimes make mistakes. Industrial Robots: Modern factories use automated robots to manufacture products more efficiently. Robots manufacture products much quicker than humans and never make mistakes. Some humans are required to keep the robots running smoothly but not many! NOTE: Automation is where devices (like robots) carry out their tasks without human input. There may be a few humans needed to program the robots or to keep them oiled and running smoothly, but the actual manufacturing is carried out automatically.

An industrial robot used in manufacturing looks a lot like a human arm. They are referred to as 'Robotic Arms'. Industrial robots share the following characteristics: Characteristics of robots They are very strong They have joints powered by strong motors They can have various tool attachments at the end of the arm (like grippers, welding/spraying equipment) They are controlled by microprocessors - These microprocessors can be programmed with instructions which tell the robots how to carry out tasks. The robots will then accurately carry out these tasks for as long as needed.

Some jobs that robots are used for: Robotic jobs Robots can be used for lifting heavy objects Used in very delicate operations Welding cars in car factories Paint spraying cars in car factories Manufacturing microchips Packing goods into boxes (boring) etc. . .

Advantages of using robots in manufacturing: They can carry out repetitive and boring tasks accurately for long periods of time unlike humans who will get bored and make mistakes when carrying out these tasks. They can carry out dangerous tasks that could be physically harmful to humans. E. g. spraying with toxic paint Robots can work continuously non-stop 24 hours a day, 7 days a week Robots work faster than humans and can produce more. Robots are more accurate than humans. E. g. each car produced is exactly the same. Can save money over time as they do not have to be paid wages. . Robots are also being used for dangerous jobs in the military – e. g. bomb Disposal for example: Disadvantages of using robots in manufacturing: Very expensive to set up at first. They can cost 100's of thousands of dollars. They can take jobs off people. This leads to unemployment. Robots cannot make decisions. E. g. if a car arrived at a welding station in the wrong position, the robot would not adjust its own position to compensate. Robots can break down.

Assignment Click the attached to download the assignment