Modeling Atoms Bohr Model Sorting activity What patterns

Modeling Atoms: Bohr Model

Sorting activity

What patterns do you notice?

Modelling Atoms: Bohr Model • A Bohr Model is a simplified diagram of the number of ELECTRONS in each of the ENERGY LEVEL (shells) around the nucleus of an atom. • Each shell can only hold a certain number of electrons. • After each shell is filled, electrons begin to fill the next. • First shell can only hold a maximum of 2. • 2 nd shell = 8, 3 rd shell = 8, 4 th = 18. • The outermost shell is called the VALENCE SHELL

Draw a Bohr Diagram of Nitrogen

Draw a Bohr Diagram of Nitrogen

Draw a Bohr Diagram of Phosphorous

Bohr Model of Phosphorous:

What element is this? 18 p 22 n

What element is this? 18 p 22 n If you know the number of protons, you know it’s atomic number. Or count the electrons…

What element is this? 18 p 22 n • It has 2 + 8 = 18 electrons, and therefore 18 protons. • The element with atomic number of 18 is Argon.

What patterns do you notice?

• What relationship can you find between number of OCCUPIED SHELLS and the ROW that it is found on the periodic table?

• What relationship can you find between number of OCCUPIED SHELLS and the ROW that it is found on the periodic table? • ROW = # of OCCUPIED SHELLS

• Look at Group 1. • What relationship can you find between number of VALENCE ELECTRONS and the COLUMN that it is found on the periodic table?

• GROUP/COLUMN # = #VALENCE ELECTRONS

Atomic Theory Continues to Develop

PARTICLES WITHIN THE ATOM • Subatomic particles are classified as either COMPOSITE or ELEMENTARY particles. • A COMPOSITE particle is composed of TWO or MORE ELEMENTARY particles. • Elementary particles cannot be split into anything smaller.

PARTICLES WITHIN ATOM Composite Particles. THEElementary Particles • Protons and Neutrons Electrons

Protons and Neutrons are made up of elementary particles: QUARKS and GLUONS

PARTICLES WITHIN ATOM Composite Particles. THEElementary Particles • Protons and Neutrons Electrons, Quarks Gluons

Quarks • There are 6 difference types of quarks classified by their properties: mass, electric charge, etc

Gluons • Gluons “GLUE" quarks together, forming protons and neutrons

PARTICLES WITHIN ATOM Composite Particles. THEElementary Particles • Protons and Neutrons Electrons, Quarks Gluons - “GLUE" quarks together, forming protons and

Elementary Particles: Leptons • Leptons are point-like particles without internal structure. • Six types of leptons: • 3 have electrical charge (electron-like) • 3 have no charge (muons and neutrinos). • ELECTRONS are a type of lepton

TRIUMF cyclotron, UBC • TRIUMF = TRI-University Meson Facility (UBC, SFU, and University of Victoria ) • TRIUMF is a cyclotron (particle accelerator) at UBC built to research the particles that make up matter • Electromagnets in the cyclotron accelerate PROTONS to extraordinary speeds. • The resulting proton beam collides with various material, and detectors provide data about the products of the collisions.

• scientists at TRIUMF have worked on developing PET scanners and radiotracers, which are used to image the location of cancer or other diseases in humans. Also in life sciences, TRIUMF scientists treat ocular melanoma using proton beams to destroy cancer cells in the eye. • n particle physics, TRIUMF researchers and Canadian university scientists played a critical role in developing the ATLAS detector for the Large Hadron Collider at CERN and are participating in the T 2 K experiment in Japan which began in 2009. • The Molecular and Materials Science group is responsible for internationally recognized research in warm superconductors, which have the potential to transform long-distance electrical power distribution, in addition to hydrogen storage research as well as fundamental research of material surfaces and boundaries.

• accelerates 1000 trillion particles per second to speeds of 224, 000 km/s, making TRIUMF's proton beam one of the most intense in the world.

Build your own atom

Ted Ed video: atom smasher • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=G 6 mm. Iz. Rz_f 8 • Bill Nye: Atoms