MODAL VERBS MODALS OF OBLIGATION What are MODAL

MODAL VERBS MODALS OF OBLIGATION

What are MODAL VERBS? • HE MUST TOMORROW • They are auxiliary verbs, they go with other verbs

What are MODAL VERBS? • HE CAN WILL MEET YOU • 2 modals verbs cannot go together • HE MUST TO MEET YOU TOMORROW • Followed by infinitive without “to”, except modal verb HAVE TO.

What are MODAL VERBS? • HE CANS MEET YOU • Don’t have 3 rd person “-s” • LAST YEAR I CANNED • Don’t have endings like -ed, -ing, etc

What are MODAL VERBS? • DO CAN YOU MEET ? ) I DON’T CAN MEET • Don’t use do/does in questions/ negatives, but use inversion in questions and “NOT” after the modal

OTHER TENSES • MUST: past & future with HAVE TO • When I was young, we had to wear a uniform at school • Next year you will have to study harder

MUST & HAVE TO • I must finish my homework before 8 • We have to start work at 9 am • They are both used to express that something is necessary

MUST • I must find a hotel to stay at tonight (“I have to find a hotel” is also possible) • The speaker decides that something is necessary (INTERNAL decision)

HAVE TO • I have to wear a uniform • Somebody else has made the decision, it’s not the speaker’s opinion (EXTERNAL decision)

MUSTN’T & DON’T HAVE TO • Very different meanings in negative: • You mustn’t open the door • You don’t have to open the door

MUSTN’T • You mustn’t open the door. Lately there have been many robberies in the neighbourhood. • (It’s forbidden /prohibited)

DON’T HAVE TO • You don’t have to open the door. I have the keys. • (It’s not necessary)

SHOULD / SHOULDN’T • I think you should see the doctor • I think you shouldn’t watch so much TV • Give an opinion about what’s the best thing do do. • Not as strong as MUST /HAVE TO: • You must see the doctor • You have to see the doctor (You have no alternative)