Modal Now lets see how Modals are used

Modal

Now, lets see how Modals are used in the above slide! And why are they used!

Modal verbs 1. Definition 2. Structure 3. How to use them

Modal verbs • 1. Definition – A modal verb is a type of auxiliary verb taht is used to indicate modality. • • • Likelihood Ability Permission Possibility Requests Ect.

Modal verbs • List of modal verbs Can Could May Might Will Would Shall Should Ought to Must

Modal verbs • 2. Structure Subject Modal verb Main verb Complement I You He/She/It We They must can should may will go to sleep. drink some water. eat some food. do some exercise. Always use the base form of the verb after the modal verb.

Modal verbs A. Modal verbs do not add « s » or « es » to the third person singular.

Modal verbs • Simple I could work He could work It could work They could work • Perfect I could have worked He could have worked It could have worked They could have worked • Continuous I could be working He could be working It could be working They could be working • Perfect Continuous I could have been working He could have been working It could have been working They could have been working

Modal verbs B. Modal verbs don’t need auxiliaries to form negative or questions. e. g. She should stay. She doesn’t should stay. She shouldn’t stay. C. Modal verbs don’t have infinitives or –ing forms. e. g. canning to would

Modal verbs How to use… Can Use Exemple Ability/Possibility They can control their own work. Impossibility We can’t fix it. Asking for permission Can I bring a friend? Request Can you help me please?

Modal verbs Could Use Example Permission Could I borrow your dictionnary? Request Could you repeat that please? Possibility I think we could have another tea. Future I wish Paul could meet me next week. Ability He gave up his old job so he could work with us.

Modal verbs May Use Example Permission May I have another cup of coffee please? Possibility I may finish my homework after dinner.

Modal verbs Might Use Example Possibility It might be raining later on today.

Modal verbs Ought to Use Example Advise/recommendation You ought to thank him. She ought to exercise more. Probability She ought to have the package by now.

Modal verbs Shall Use Example Offer Shall I help you with your luggage? Suggestion Shall we say 2: 30 then? Permission Shall I do it or will you?

Modal verbs Should Use Example Recommendation/Advisability You really should start eating better. Obligation I should be at work before 9: 00. Expectation Susan should be in New York by now.

Modal verbs Will Use Example Decision I don’t see any taxis so I will walk. Offer I will do that for you if you like. Promise I will come back on Monday.

Modal verbs Would Use Example Permission Would you mind if I brought a friend with me? Request Would you mind waiting for a moment? Invitation Would you like to play baseball this Friday?

Modal verbs Must Use Example Certainty That must be Jerry. Thay said he was tall with bright red hair. Prohibition You must not swim in that river. It is full of crocodiles. Strong recommantation You must take some time off and get some rest. (Notice that the Americans prefer the form « should » . You should have taken some time off last week to get some rest. ) Necessity You must have a permit to enter the national park.