Mobility Function and Safe Patient Handling Kristen L
Mobility, Function, and Safe Patient Handling 患者移动、功能和安全处置 Kristen L. Mauk, Ph. D, DNP, RN, CRRN, GCNS-BC, GNP-BC, ACHPN, FAAN
Learning Objectives学习目标 �List three principles of using proper body mechanics. 列出合理使用人体力学的三大原理 �Contrast the different assist levels. 对比不同的辅助等级 �Describe strategies for safe patient handling. 描述安 全处置患者的策略 �Discuss three instruments that measure self- care/mobility. 讨论三种测评自理和移动能力的 具 �Recognize the benefit of mechanical lifts. 认识升降机 的好处
Principles of body mechanics人体力学原理 � Use a wide base of support使用宽基支撑力 � Lift with larger, stronger leg muscles (not the back), keeping the back straight使用大而有力的腿部肌肉(不是背 部肌肉)提升物体,保持后背挺直 � Use gait belts for safety使用步态带确保安全 � Use mechanical lift assistance when possible and as needed 如果需要,使用升降机协助搬运 � Be familiar with and follow safe patient handling protocols 熟悉并遵循安全处置患者协议
FIM功能独立性评定量表 �Functional independence measure评估功能的独立性 � 18 items十八个项目 13 function十三个运动功能 5 cognitive五个认知功能 �Score 0 – 7 on each item每个项目 0 -7分 � 18 (lowest score) – 126 (highest score)最低8分-最高 126分 �Measure at admission, discharge, intervals在入院、出院 和间隔一段时间进行评估 �All data can be compared with national data bank所有数 据可在国家数据银行进行比较
Barthel日常生活能力指数评定量表 �Score 0 – 100 (when scoring in 5 point increments) 0到 100分(评分时每 5分增加一个级别) �Higher score means better ability for self-care分数越 高说明自理能力越好 �Available in Chinese from中文版的也可以: �http: //rehabsociety. org. hk/e/customize/images/pdf /中文版Barthel%20 Index%20評級標準. pdf
Katz Index日常生活功能指数评价量表 � Rates 6 functions (ADLs)六项日常生活能力评估 Bathing洗浴 Dressing更衣 Toileting用厕 Transferring移动 Continence控制大小便 Feeding进食 � Yes or no是或不是 � 0 – 6 scoring 0 -6分 6 = full function功能良好 4 = moderate impairment中度功能障碍 2 = severe impairment重度功能障碍 � http: //consultgerirn. org/uploads/File/trythis/try_this_2. pdf
Levels of Assist辅助等级 � Total assist 完全协助 Client performs 0– 25% of task; client may require the help of more than one person; also referred to as a dependent transfer. 患者执行力仅为 0 -25%,需1人及以上协助转移,也被 称为依赖性转移 � Maximum assist 最大化协助 Client gives 25% of the effort while the helper performs majority of the work. 患者只有25%执行力,辅助者执行大部分 作 � Moderate assist 中度协助 � Minimal assist Client gives 50% of the effort; about equal effort of the client and the helper. 患者与辅助者各执行50%的任务 Client gives 75% of effort. 患者执行75%的任务 最小化协助 � Contact guard assist 接触式保护协助 No physical assistance is needed; however, helper is physically touching the client for steadying or guiding purposes, or in case client loses balance. 无需任何物理协助, 但是辅助者要以身体接触患者让其稳定或为其导向,以防患者失去平衡
Levels of Assist辅助等级 � Stand by assist 待命式协助 Helper is standing near the client with hands up and ready in case physical assistance becomes needed. 辅助者在旁 边张开双手,以防需要帮助 � Supervision 监督式协助 � Modified independent 半独立 � Independent 独立 Verbal instruction may be required; safety concerns are still present, so supervision of the task, even at a distant, is needed. 需语言指导,因安全隐患仍存在,不管远近皆需监督患者 Client requires an assistive device or extra time to complete a task. 患者需要使用辅助设备或花较长的时间来完成任务 Client able to perform task safely, without any instruction or assistance. 患者无需任何指令或协助就能安全的执行任务
Video demonstration on using a Hoyer lift 使用Hoyer升降机的视频演示 �https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=RRz 80 J 3 hqt. I (from bed to chair)床椅转移 �https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=M 29 JBWRca. Lg (from sit to stand)坐立转移
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