Mobile Handset Hardware Architecture Focused Mobile Handset Smartphone

Mobile Handset Hardware Architecture

Focused Mobile Handset: Smartphone We will take smartphone as an example to discuss mobile handset hardware architecture n Smartphone is a new generation high featured and multifunctional cell phone which has n ¨ The functionalities of a handheld computer ¨ The communication capabilities of a cell phone ¨ Multiple sensors 2

Smartphone History n Major Milestones ¨ 1997 - Term smartphone is coined ¨ 1999 - RIM begins making Blackberries ¨ 2007 - i. Phone 1 released ¨ 2008 - Android v 1. 0 released ¨ Now – i. Phone 6 and Android 5. 0 3

A Teardown of i. Phone 5 S 4

Main PCB stands for Printed Circuit Board n Smartphone main PCB has three main parts n ¨ An application processor which executes users’ application software ¨ A baseband processor which controls radio activities ¨ A number of peripheral devices for interacting with the user 5

Main PCB Architecture 6

An Example – i. Phone 3 G Main PCB Front 7

An Example – i. Phone 3 G Main PCB Back 8

Another Example – i. Phone 4 Main PCB Front GSM/GPRS Front End Module GSM/WCDMA Transceiver Bluetooth Receiver 3 -axis digital gyroscope GPS Receiver Power Amplifier W-CDMA Front End Module Power Amplifier Quad-Band GSM/GPRS/ EDGE Apple A 4 Application Processor 9

Another Example – i. Phone 4 Main PCB Back Touchscreen Controller Audio Codec Flash Memory Baseband Processor Power Management Unit Mobile DDR SDRAM 10

Application Processor: Overview A dedicated processor which enables smartphone to run mainstream OS such as Android, i. OS and Windows Mobile etc. n Optimized to run a number of user applications n Emphasize multimedia processing (audio/video/still image/2 D/3 D) n Do not handle “baseband” (wireless communications) n 11

Application Processor: Components n n n Processor core (e. g. ARM based processor) which is specifically optimized for minimal power consumption Multimedia engine which is hardware implementation of one or more multimedia standards (e. g. JPEG module, MPEG module, Audio module) Device interfaces which are used to communicate with peripheral device (e. g. USB, camera, display) 12

Application Processor: Structure Multimedia Engine ARM Processor Core 13

Baseband Processor: Overview It has a communication protocol stack which enables different types of wireless technologies such as LTE, WCDMA, Zig. Bee, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, etc. n It provides radio communication related functions: signal modulation, RF shifting, encoding/decoding, etc. n 14

Baseband Processor: Components RF front end: a component for receiving and transmitting on different frequencies n Analog baseband: an interface between the digital domain and the analog domain n Digital baseband: a component which handles higher layers of the protocols by using Digital Signal Processors n 15

Baseband Processor: Structure 16

Processor Vendors 17

References n n n n http: //www. eazytutz. com/android-architecture/ http: //www. neowin. net/news/guide-to-smartphone-hardware-17 -processors http: //www. slideshare. net/Yong. Heui. Cho/4 smartphone-hw-architecture http: //ancillotti. hubpages. com/hub/Understanding-the-hardwarearchitecture-of-smartphones http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/ARM_architecture http: //www. bapress. ca/ccc 2013 -1/3_13052701_Final%20 Draft. pdf http: //www. rapidrepair. com/guides/iphone 3 g/ 18