Mobile Computing and Wireless Communication 2170710 Unit 5

Mobile Computing and Wireless Communication (2170710) Unit – 5: Bluetooth Prof. Maulik Trivedi � 9998265805 � maulik. trivedi@darshan. ac. in Computer Engineering Darshan Institute of Engineering & Technology

Topics to be covered § Introduction § Bluetooth Protocol § Piconet & Scatternet § Bluetooth Protocol Architecture/Stack § Bluetooth Security § Bluetooth Application Unit: 5 – Mobile Computing and Wireless Communication 2 Darshan Institute of Engineering & Technology

Introduction of Bluetooth § It was initiated in the year 1989 by Nils Rydbeck and later name comes from Danish king Harald Blåtand. § It is a standard for the short-range wireless interconnection of mobile phones, computers, and other electronic devices. § Bluetooth technology allows users to make ad-hoc wireless connections between devices like mobile, desktop or notebook computers wirelessly. § Data transfer at a speed of about 720 Kbps within 50 meters (150 feet) of range or beyond through walls, clothing and even luggage bags. Unit: 5 – Mobile Computing and Wireless Communication 3 Darshan Institute of Engineering & Technology

Bluetooth Protocol § Bluetooth radio built into a small microchip. § Operates in a globally available frequency band ensuring worldwide interoperability. § Bluetooth uses the unlicensed 2. 4 GHz ISM (Industrial Scientific and Medical) frequency band. § 79 available channels set of 1 MHz each, ranges from 2. 402 GHz to 2. 480 GHz. § It provides power levels starting from 1 m. W (covering 10 centimeters) to 100 m. W (covering up-to 100 meters) suitable for short device zone to personal area networks within a home/office. Unit: 5 – Mobile Computing and Wireless Communication 4 Darshan Institute of Engineering & Technology

Bluetooth Protocol – Cont… § It supports both unicast (point-to-point) and multicast (point-tomultipoint) connections. § Bluetooth protocols are a collection of many inter-related protocols. § IEEE has also adapted Bluetooth as the 802. 15. 1 a standard. § Managed and maintained by Bluetooth Special Interest Group. Unit: 5 – Mobile Computing and Wireless Communication 5 Darshan Institute of Engineering & Technology

Piconet § Bluetooth protocol uses the concept of master and slave. § A piconet is an ad-hoc network that links a wireless user group of devices using Bluetooth technology protocols. § Master and slaves together form a Piconet when master allows slaves to talk. § Up to 7 ‘slave’ devices can be set to communicate with a ‘master’ in a Piconet. Where • M: Master • S: Slave § A piconet consists of two or more devices occupying the same physical channel. Unit: 5 – Mobile Computing and Wireless Communication 6 Darshan Institute of Engineering & Technology

Scatternet Printer Mouse Cordless headset Piconet Scatternet Cell Phone Mouse § Scatternet formed when several of piconet are linked together to form a larger network in an ad-hoc manner. § Scatternet is a topology where a device from one piconet also acts as a member of another piconet wherein a device is a master in one piconet can simultaneously be a slave in the other one. Unit: 5 – Mobile Computing and Wireless Communication 7 Darshan Institute of Engineering & Technology

Bluetooth Protocol Architecture/Stack § Bluetooth Core protocols plus Bluetooth radio protocols required by most Bluetooth devices. § Uses spread spectrum technologies at the Physical Layer while using both direct sequence and frequency hopping spread spectrum technologies. § Uses connectionless (ACL–Asynchronous Connectionless Link) and connection-oriented (SCO–Synchronous Connection-oriented Link) links. § Cable Replacement layer, Telephony Control layer and Adopted protocol layer form application-oriented protocols. Unit: 5 – Mobile Computing and Wireless Communication 8 Darshan Institute of Engineering & Technology

Bluetooth Protocol Stack – Cont… 1. Bluetooth Core Protocols 2. Cable Replacement Protocol 3. Telephony Control Protocols 4. Adopted Protocols Unit: 5 – Mobile Computing and Wireless Communication 9 Darshan Institute of Engineering & Technology

Bluetooth Protocol Stack v. Card/v. Cal OBEX WAE WAP UDP ATCommands SDP TCS BIN TCP IP PPP RFCOMM L 2 CAP Audio Host Controller Interface LMP Baseband Bluetooth Radio Cable Telephony Bluetooth Core Adopted Replacement Control Protocol Telephony Control Binary (TCS BIN) Attention (AT)Control Commands -- means defines a. Protocol set of Content Formats - Specification used. Protocol/Internet to exchange messages and Logical Link and Adaptation Point-to-Point Object Exchange Protocol (OBEX) (PPP) Protocol - session of taking protocol IP-Radio Frequency Communication (RFCOMM) Transmission Control Protocol Link Manager Protocol (LMP) – phone manages devices in Service Discovery Protocol (SDP) –amongst Enables avarious device defines the call control signaling protocol and commands by which a mobile can be used notes and synchronize data (L 2 CAP) – segmentation and re-assembly of packets to exchange to/from objects the PPP andlayer used andtoplacing browse the emulates control and data signals over Baseband enables physical RF link (TCP/IP) - RS-232 used for communication acrossthem the range, power modes, connections, duty cycles, etc. to join a piconet. handles mobility management for groups of and controlled as a modem for fax and data devices. fragmented packetson with their devices. multiplexing. onto contents the LAN. of folders remote Bluetooth baseband protocol. Internet. Bluetooth TCS devices. transfers.

Bluetooth Security § Offers security infrastructure starting from authentication, key exchange to encryption. § Uses the publicly available cipher algorithm known as SAFER+ to authenticate a device’s identity. Unit: 5 – Mobile Computing and Wireless Communication 11 Darshan Institute of Engineering & Technology

Bluetooth Application § Each application model in Bluetooth realized through a Profile. § Profiles define the protocols and protocol features supporting a particular usage model. § Some common profiles are: ✔ File Transfer ✔ Internet Bridge ✔ LAN Access ✔ Synchronization ✔ Headset Unit: 5 – Mobile Computing and Wireless Communication 12 Darshan Institute of Engineering & Technology

Summary § Bluetooth Protocol § Piconet & Scatternet (Master - Slave) § Bluetooth Protocol Architecture/Stack (Bluetooth Core Protocols, Cable Replacement Protocol, Telephony Control Protocols, Adopted Protocols) § Bluetooth Security (Encryption, SAFER+ Algo. ) § Bluetooth Application (File Transfer, Sync, Internet bridge etc…) Unit: 5 – Mobile Computing and Wireless Communication 13 Darshan Institute of Engineering & Technology

Thank You