MLA CITATION STYLE 7 TH EDITION PREPARED BY

MLA CITATION STYLE 7 TH EDITION PREPARED BY: LIBRARIAN Ø NUR SHAHIDAH BINTI MOHD AYOB ØAHMAD KHUSAIRI AMER BIN KAMARUZAMAN

� QUOTE MATERIAL-WORD TO WORD � REWORD OR PARAPHRASE INFORMATION � INCLUDE STATISTICS OR FINDINGS FROM A SURVEY OR STUDY � NOT COMMON FACTS/KNOWLEDGE

IN THE BODY OF YOUR ESSAY, ACKNOWLEDGE YOUR CITED MATERIAL WITH THE AUTHOR’S NAME AND PAGE NUMBER. E. G. : MOST NEW RESEARCH BUILDS ON PAST WORK DONE BY OTHERS (GIBALDI 142)

TWO TYPES: � USING QUOTATIONS � IF YOUR QUOTES LESS THAN 5 LINES: Ø PLACE QUOTATION MARKS E. G. : HUMAN BEINGS HAVE BEEN DESCRIBED BY KENNETH BURKE AS “SYMBOL-USING ANIMALS”(3) E. G. : HUMAN BEINGS HAVE BEEN DESCRIBED AS “SYMBOLUSING ANIMALS”(BURKE 3) # If paraphrase, no need to place quotation marks.

BLOCK QUOTATION If your quote is five lines or longer make sure that it stands out within the body. Use the following examples: Nelly Dean treats Heathcliff poorly and dehumanizes him throughout her narration: They entirely refused to have it in bed with them, or even in their room, and I had no more sense, so, I put it on the landing of the stairs, hoping it would be gone on the morrow. By chance, or else attracted by hearing his voice, it crept to Mr. Earnshaw's door, and there he found it on quitting his chamber. Inquiries were made as to how it got there; I was obliged to confess, and in recompense for my cowardice and inhumanity was sent out of the house. (Bronte 78)

Book with one Author or Editor The general format below refers to a book with one author. If you are dealing with one editor instead of one author, insert the editor's name in the place where the author's name is now, followed by a comma and the word "ed. " without the quotation marks. The rest of the format remains the same. General Format Author Surname, First Name. Book Title: Subtitle. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year. Medium. Example 1 -- author Berman, Ronald. Fitzgerald, Hemingway, and the Twenties. Tuscaloosa: UP of Alabama, 2001. Print. Example 2 -- editor Schlesinger, Arthur M. , Jr. , ed. History of U. S. Political Parties. New York: Chelsea, 1973. Print.

Book with more than Three Authors General Format -- option 1 Author Surname, First Name, et al. Book Title: Subtitle. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year. Medium. Example 1 -- option 1 Plag, Ingo, et al. Introduction to English Linguistics. Berlin: Mouton, 2007. Print.

Journal Article from an Online Database General Format Author Surname, First Name. “Article Title: Subtitle. ” Journal Title volume. issue (Year): page range. Database Title. Medium. Date of Access [Day Month Year]. Example Sielke, Sabine. "The Empathetic Imagination: An Interview with Yann Martel. " Canadian Literature 177 (2003): 12 -32. Pro. Quest. Web. 11 Aug. 2010.

Entire Web Site Helpful Tips • If there is no author, then begin citation with the title of the web site. • If there is no sponsoring institution or publisher, use n. p. • If there is no date of publication, use n. d. General Format Personal or Corporate Author. Title of Site. Name of sponsoring institution or publisher, Day Month Year of Publication. Medium. Date of Access [Day Month Year]. <url>. **url is optional. Example Salda, Michael, ed. The Cinderella Project. U of Southern Mississippi, Oct. 2005. Web. 15 Jan. 2011.

Web page, article, or document on web site Helpful Tips • Online articles from magazines, newspapers, and reference works are also cited as web pages. • Blog postings and wiki articles are also cited as web pages. • If there is no author, begin the citation with the title of the web page, article, or document. • If there is no sponsoring institution or publisher, use N. p. • If there is no date of publication, use n. d.

General Format Author Surname, First Name. "Title of the Work. " Title of Web Site. Name of sponsoring institution or publisher, Day Month Year of Publication. Medium. Date of Access [Day Month Year]. Example 1 -- with personal author Quade, Alex. “Elite Team Rescues Troops behind Enemy Lines. ” CNN. com. Cable News Network, 19 Mar. 2007. Web. 19 June 2009. Example 2 -- with corporate author Committee on Scholarly Editions. "Guidelines for Editors of Scholarly Editions. "Modern Language Association. MLA, 25 Sept. 2007. Web. 15 May 2010. Example 3 -- with no author “Kooning, Willem. " Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2008. Web. 15 May 2010.

Article or Chapter in an Edited Book Helpful Tip Only use this when citing an edited book (also known as an anthology). This is a book that has an editor, with articles or chapters written by different authors. Do NOT cite a chapter in a book that has been entirely written by the same author(s) -- instead, cite the whole book. General Format Author Surname, First Name. "Title of Chapter. " Book Title: Subtitle. Ed. Editor First Name Surname. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year. Page Range of Chapter. Medium. Example Bordo, Susan. “The Moral Content of Nabokov’s Lolita. ” Aesthetic Subjects. Ed. Pamela R. Matthews and David Mc. Whirter. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 2003. 125 -52. Print.

Magazine Article in Print Helpful Tip DO NOT includes Volume and Issue information in magazine article citations. General Format Author Surname, First Name. “Article Title: Subtitle. ” Magazine Title Publication Date [Day Month Year]: page range. Medium. Example Plaskin, Robert. “Curtains for the End of Steel. ” Maclean’s 27 Nov. 1978: 29 -30. Print.

Newspaper Article in Print (p. 141 -142) General Format Author Surname, First Name. “Article Title: Subtitle. ” Newspaper Title Publication Date [Day Month Year]: page range. Medium. Example Shecter, Barbara. “Canadian Broadcasters Catch Break from CRTC. ” Calgary Herald 8 Nov. 2003: D 3. Print.

Personal Interviews Personal interviews refer to those interviews that you conduct yourself. Interviewee’s name, type of interview (personal, telephone, etc. ). date Smith, Jane. Personal interview. 19 May 2014.