MITOSIS vs MEIOSIS Complete the concept map comparing

MITOSIS vs. MEIOSIS

Complete the concept map comparing mitosis and meiosis. Use the following terms, each term can be used one or more times: diploid cell, one cell division, four haploid cells, parent cell, two cell divisions, body cell, same, chromosomes, gamete-producing cell, half, two diploid cells. PARENT CELL BODY CELL GAMETE PRODUCING CELL ONE CELL DIVISION TWO CELL DIVISIONS 2 DIPLOID CELLS 4 HAPLOID CELLS SAME HALF CHROMOSOMES PARENT CELL

2. Define homologous chromosome. Two chromosomes, one from each parent cell, that are identical in appearance and pair during meiosis 3. Define sister chromatids. Two identical copies of chromatids formed by the replication of a single chromosome, with both copies joined together by a centromere. 4. Describe 2 parts of meiosis that are similar to mitosis. All phases of mitosis occur in meiosis II.

5. Identify whether each process below occurs during mitosis, meiosis, or both. a. Sister chromatids separate both b. Haploid cells are formed meiosis c. Cell division occurs once mitosis d. Homologous chromosomes pair meiosis e. haploid cells are the final result meiosis f. Crossing over occurs meiosis g. Cell division occurs twice meiosis h. Replicated chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell both i. diploid cells are the final result mitosis

6. Define crossing over. The exchange of chromatid segments of homologous chromosomes. What phase does it occur? Prophase 1 7. Does the parent cell in Mitosis start off as diploid or haploid? Are the resulting cells at the end of Mitosis diploid or haploid? 8. Does the parent cell in Meiosis start off as diploid or haploid? Diploid Are the resulting cells at the end of Meiosis diploid or haploid? Haploid 9. How does the number of chromosomes in a sex cell compare with the number of chromosomes in the parent cell? Half the amount 10. Describe the differences in how the chromosomes line up in middle of the cell during Metaphase I of Meiosis and Metaphase of Mitosis. Metaphase 1 Meiosis = Chromosomes are pairs. Metaphase of mitosis = unpaired chromosomes.

A 11. Identify the phase in the cell to the left. Metaphase 1 What is the name of Structure A? Homologous Chromosomes (Tetrad) 12. Identify the phase in the cells to the left. Prophase 2 What is happening to the nuclear envelope? Disappearing Why does this happen? So DNA can move 13. Identify the phase in the cell to the left. Anaphase 1 What is being separated? Homologous Chromosomes (Tetrad)

14. Explain why mitosis is referred to as a process of cell replication. As the cell goes through the mitosis phases, all structures are copied (REPLICATED) creating two identical cells. 15. Explain why meiosis is referred to as a process of cell reduction. As the cell goes through the meiosis phases, the number of chromosomes is REDUCED to half the original amount.