MITOSIS MEIOSIS THAT IS MITOSIS Cellular Reproduction Octomom

MITOSIS & MEIOSIS THAT IS MITOSIS!!! Cellular Reproduction

• Octomom definitely likes Mitosis! MITOSIS IS MY FAVORITE

Mitosis • Same number of chromosomes in parent and daughter cells • Divides once, 1 cell becomes 2 • Used for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction.

4 chromosomes

What is a chromosome? ?

INTERPHASE • The chromosomes and organelles replicate • The cell gets ready to divide • LONGEST PHASE- Most important

PROPHASE • The double chromosomes pair up • The membrane around the nucleus disappears • Centrioles move to poles

CENTRIOLES- Animal cell forms spindles

METAPHASE • The chromosomes line up along the equator (middle) of the cell

ANAPHASE • The chromosome pairs separate and move to opposite ends of the cell • Chromosomes divide EVENLY.

TELOPHASE • The cells begin to separate and pinch in (the arrow shows the new cell membrane forming)

CYTOKINESIS- cells completely separate!!!

CELL PLATE- divides Plant cells

Things to Remember About Mitosis: 1. The two new cells formed by mitosis have the same number of chromosomes as the original parent cell. 2. Mitosis is a form of asexual reproduction.

HOW CAN I REMEMBER THE ORDER OF THE STAGES OF MITOSIS? Just remember the crazy word… IPMAT

Can you put these pictures in order? D. A. C. B. E.

Here’s the Answer! C. B. A. D. E.

CANCER The uncontrollable division of cells. (mitosis gone wrong)

Now, Let’s talk about… A Note Taking Adventure

Meiosis • 1/2 the number of chromosomes in daughter cells than parent cells. (haploid cells) • Divides twice, one cell becomes 4 • Used for production of gametes (sex cells) – eggs, seeds NEEDED FOR SEXUAL REPRODUCTION! – sperm, pollen

TWO TERMS TO REALLY KNOW! HAPLOID DIPLOID • OFTEN represented by (n) • Half the amount of chromosomes. • Often represented by (2 n) • Full Number of Chromosomes • This can be seen in Meiosis • This can be seen in Mitosis

Meiosis 2 n=4 and n=2 4 chromosomes Before interphase 8 chromosomes After Interphase 2 chromosomes 4 chromosomes

XY XX X X

Gametes have only half the number of chromosomes allowing a mixing of DNA from the mother and father. Original chromosomes Mom Dad 4 4 gametes Baby 2+2 4

THE PHASES OF MEIOSIS *same as mitosis except there are two divisions!

CROSSING OVER

Comparison of Mitosis & Meiosis MITOSIS MEIOSIS # OF CELLS MADE 2 4 # OF DIVISIONS 1 2 CHROMOSOME # Same as parent Asexual ½ # of parent TYPE OF REPRODUCTION Sexual

Things to Remember About Meiosis: • Meiosis is involved in sexual reproduction (2 parents). • Meiosis results in 4 new cells. • Each new cell is different from the parent and each other.

THE END!