Mitglied der HelmholtzGemeinschaft Workshop on Existing and Future

Mitglied der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Workshop on Existing and Future Projects between PNPI and FZJ Workshop Introduction and Physics at COSY-ANKE June 2012 | Hans Ströher (Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany)

Preface – Workshop 3 rd Workshop (after 2001 and 2004); cooperations between PNPI and FZJ: • Ongoing: Ø Ø Ø Hadron physics at COSY (ANKE) Polarized antiprotons (PAX) Technical developments: ABS, SC, LSP Polarized fusion (together with ITMO, St. Petersburg; …) Polarized molecules (together with Univ. of Cologne; …) • Future: Ø Precision physics with COSY (TRIC, EDM, … FAIR) Ø Other fields: (i) neutron physics (ii) (nuclear) medicine (iii) energy research (iv) environmental research … PNPI and FZJ – strong partners foster mutual cooperations! 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 2

Preface – V. P. Koptev V. Koptev suggested and planned this meeting: Delay of meeting to 2012 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 3

Preface – V. P. Koptev Dear colleagues, Most of you probably know already that our colleague and friend Vladimir P. Koptev died yesterday (January 12) on his way home from the Institute. This news comes as a terrible surprise and shock to all of us. We have seen Vladimir coming to Juelich for many years, first to build ANKE together with Otto Schult (and others) and later to use it in experiments. He was highly respected within the collaboration because of his deep insight into both the detector and the science as well as for his wholehearted commitment to the projects. He was appreciated by all of us because of his wry sense of humour and his friendly character. We realized that his health had degraded in more recent times, but we all had hopes that he would still be able to come back to Juelich once again in the Spring. We also had plans for a common workshop in Gatchina, which he now will miss. Our thoughts are with his family and his colleagues in Gatchina. We will certainly miss him a lot (…) Hans Ströher and Andro Kacharava (on behalf of the ANKE collaboration) ANKE News #202, January 13, 2012 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 4

Preface – V. P. Koptev V. Koptev started to visit Jülich in 1990: O. Schult first met V. Koptev in Gatchina in 1989; he invited him to Jülich 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 5

Preface – V. P. Koptev V. Koptev (and his group) joined the ANKE-collaboration 6 th ANKE Workshop on Strangeness Production on Nucleons and Nuclei Gatchina, 2004 Mostly, but not a complete one-way exchange 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 6

Preface – V. P. Koptev V. Koptev (and his group) joined the ANKE-collaboration 6 th ANKE Workshop on Strangeness Production on Nucleons and Nuclei Gatchina, 2004 A scientific success story for the next 21 years! 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 7

Mitglied der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Workshop on Existing and Future Projects between PNPI and FZJ Physics at COSY-ANKE In remembrance of Vladimir Petrovich Koptev June 2012 | Hans Ströher (Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany)

Introduction – Physics Hadron physics was then (no longer) at its infancy: Hadron Physics is the part of structure-of-matter physics that deals with strongly interacting particles at the level of quarks and gluons Hadrons (e. g. , nucleon) are complex objects detailed studies required ! 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 9

Introduction – Physics Hadrons: complex phenomena from simple rules – how and why? Ø Strong QCD, i. e. non-perturbative regime of strong interaction Ø Constituent quarks are strongly dressed by gluons Ø Importance of dynamic chiral symmetry breaking (Dc. SB) ( mass of the nucleon) The challenge of QCD – How does Nature make hadrons ? 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 10

Introduction – Physics An empirical science – experiments rule ! ( experiment ) Scientific method – deeply rooted in V. Koptev´s ansatz for experiments 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 11

Introduction – New Expt´l Facilities E. g. , COSY, the COoler SYnchrotron at Forschungszentrum Jülich 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 12

Introduction – COSY Characteristics of COSY (Polarized) proton-, deuteron-beams with momenta < 3. 7 Ge. V/c Phase space cooling (electron-, stochastic-) Internal and external experiments COSY is a cooler synchrotron and a storage ring 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 13

Introduction – Experiments at COSY Experimental set-ups PAX WASA ANKE COSY-11 EDDA Internal experiments inside the COSY ring (+ TOF(external)) 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 14

Introduction – Physics at COSY Experimental program Nucleon-nucleon interactions Deuteron breakup Nucleon resonances Meson production Strangeness production (nucleons, nuclei) Meson-nucleon/nucleus interaction Symmetries and symmetry breaking Polarization build-up (…) COSY is the hadron physics (spin) machine using hadronic probes 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 15

Introduction – Future Plans Search for Electric Dipole Moments (EDM) at Storage Rings: JEDI Jülich Electric Dipole Moment Investigations 1 st step: precursor exp´t, … 2 nd step: injector for dedicated EDM-SR 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 16

ANKE – History Early 90´s: a 2 nd generation internal target experiment at COSY 0° Facility at TP 2 in COSY 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 17

ANKE – History Early 90´s: a 2 nd generation internal target experiment at COSY Facility moves to other side of COSY ring 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 18

ANKE – History From plans to realization: ANKE, the Apparatus for Nucleon and Kaon Ejectiles 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 19

ANKE – The 0° Spectrometer Schematic drawing Technical description of ANKE 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 20

ANKE – The 0° Spectrometer Range telescope K+ decay t = 12. 4 ns One important feature of ANKE: K+ identification („Koptev-method“) 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 21

ANKE – Physics Program Part of an early letter (beginning of 90´s) of V. Koptev to O. Schult: K+ production in p. A-reactions 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 22

ANKE – Physics Program First ANKE proposal: COSY PAC # 11 (II/1995) Proposal # 18: K+-Meson Spectroscopy with a 0°-Facility at TP 2 in COSY PAC # 15 (II/1997) Proposal # 18. 1: ANKE: Study of Subthreshold K+ Production – First Measurements COSY PAC # 17 (II/1998) Proposal # 18. 2: Measurement of Momentum Spectra of K+-Mesons from p. C-Reactions at Tp = 1. 0 Ge. V COSY PAC # 19 (II/1999) Proposal # 18. 3: Subthreshold K+ Production-Measurements with Heavy Nuclei (Spokespersons: K. Sistemich, V. Koptev) K+ production in p. A-reactions 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 23

ANKE – Targets (I) Solid state (strip foil) targets: Used for: inclusive K+ production on nuclear targets 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 24

ANKE – Results (I) Koptev´s original motivation ANKE´s first physics paper (2001) 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 25

ANKE – Results (I) Analysis of all available p. A K+X data 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 26

ANKE – Results (II) Repulsive in-medium (K+A)-potential (~ 20 Me. V) Importance of final-state interaction (Koptev´s ratio-method) 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 27

ANKE – Results (III) (K+d) correlations: two-step- and cluster mechanism Further observations from proton-nucleus reactions 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 28

ANKE – Targets (II) Unpolarized hydrogen and deuterium targets: Used, e. g. , for: K+ production on protons and neutrons 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 29

ANKE – Results (IV) Y 0* (1480) Line shape of L(1405) via (S 0 p 0)-decay Koptev-ideas for excited hyperons 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 30

ANKE – Results (V) Use of (K+p+)-pairs: Koptev´s method for pp K+S+n 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 31

ANKE – Results (VI) Charged kaon-pair production (in particular f) in pp- and pn collisions 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 32

ANKE – Results (VII) Coupled channels (cusp) A closer look at charged kaon-pairs 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 33

ANKE – Results (VIII) Scalar resonances (K+K 0)-pairs 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 34

ANKE – Results (IX) Smallest cross section ! No q+(1530) indication ! Further investigations: isospin symmetry; pentaquark 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 35

ANKE – Results (X) In-medium f-production („transparency ratio“) Back to nuclear targets 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 36

ANKE – Results (XI) Unfinished: A clear signal of S-(1197) is seen ! pn K+ p S- (via pd psp K+ p S- ) 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 37

ANKE – Results (XII) Not mentioned: Examples of non-strangeness experiments 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 38

ANKE – Targets (III) Polarized hydrogen and deuterium targets: Operation principle Storage cell Current and future focus of ANKE program 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 39

V. P. Koptev 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 40

V. P. Koptev As of today (July 2012), ANKE has • published 72 scientific and 12 technical paper in refereed journals V. P. Koptev • is co-author of 40 of these; • had 5 diploma-, 4 Ph. D students and 5 post-docs from Gatchina affiliated with ANKE, and he supervised a lot more in Jülich; • has – to a large extend – shaped and led the ANKE (strangeness) physics program; 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 41

V. P. Koptev (15. 11. 1939 – 12. 1. 2012) He was not only an eminent scientist, but also a strong character and – to many of us – a close friend ! We miss him and we will never forget him – his legacy lives on ! 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 42

31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 43

Preface – Workshop Previous workshops in Gatchina: • June 21/22, 2001 2 nd ANKE Workshop on Strangeness Production in pp and p. A Interactions at ANKE • July 8/9, 2004 6 th ANKE Workshop on Strangeness Production on Nucleons and Nuclei • 2009 Visit of a FZJ delegation (S. Schmidt et al. ) to PNPI - … A tradition 31 October 2020 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 44