Missouri Compromise 1820 Southern Society 1850 6 000

Missouri Compromise, 1820

Southern Society (1850) 6, 000 “Slavocracy” [plantation owners] The “Plain Folk” [white yeoman farmers] Black Freemen 250, 000 Black Slaves 3, 200, 000 Total US Population 23, 000 [9, 250, 000 in the South = 40%]

Southern Population

Southern Agriculture

Slaves Picking Cotton on a Mississippi Plantation

Slaves Using the Cotton Gin

Changes in Cotton Production 1820 1860

Value of Cotton Exports As % of All US Exports

Slave Auction Notice, 1823

Slave Auction: Charleston, SC-1856

Slave Accoutrements Slave Master Brands Slave muzzle

Anti-Slave Pamphlet

Slave-Owning Population (1850)

Slave-Owning Families (1850)

Slaves posing in front of their cabin on a Southern plantation.

The Ledger of John White J Matilda Selby, 9, $400. 00 sold to Mr. Covington, St. Louis, $425. 00 J Brooks Selby, 19, $750. 00 Left at Home – Crazy J Fred Mc. Afee, 22, $800. 00 Sold to Pepidal, Donaldsonville, $1200. 00 J Howard Barnett, 25, $750. 00 Ranaway. Sold out of jail, $540. 00 J Harriett Barnett, 17, $550. 00 Sold to Davenport and Jones, Lafourche, $900. 00

US Laws Regarding Slavery 1. U. S. Constitution: * 3/5 s compromise [I. 2] * fugitive slave clause [IV. 2] 2. 1793 Fugitive Slave Act. 3. 1850 stronger Fugitive Slave Act.

Runaway Slave Ads

Southern Reactions to Abolitionism in the 1830 s The “Positive Defense” of Slavery “I hold that in the present state of civilization, where two races of different origin, and distinguished by color, and other physical differences, as well as intellectual, are brought together, the relation now existing in the slaveholding States between the two, is, instead of an evil, a good—a positive good. ” -- John C. Calhoun (1837) Calhoun

The “Gag Rule” Antislavery Petitions FROM THE 1 ST AMENDMENT “Congress shall make no law… abridging… the right of the people… to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. ”

Slave Rebellions in the Antebellum South: Nat Turner, 1831

Nat Turner’s Rebellion 1831 Largest slave rebellion in U. S. history • About 200 dead (total) • Put down in two days

Twelve Years a Slave is a narrative of a free person of color from New York who was abducted and sold into slavery in Louisiana.

Closing Question • In what ways is American still over coming issues stemming from slavery?