MIPEX Labour market mobility and migrant education policies

MIPEX: Labour market mobility and migrant education policies in the EU

Tool to compare, analyse, and improve integration policy • Do all residents have equal rights, responsibilities and opportunities to become equal members of society & citizens? • Benchmark policies and implementation measures, according to European & international standards • Public “Quick Reference Guide” • Strictly scrutinise policy objectives, progress, and results

Largest and most rigorous study of its kind (148 policy indicators) 7 Policy Areas for immigrants to participate in society: 1) Labour market mobility* 2) Family reunion* 3) Education 4) Political participation* 5) Long-term residence* 6) Access to nationality 7) Anti-discrimination • Covers 27 EU Member States, Norway, Switzerland, Canada, United States of America (now also Australia & Japan) • 7 comparative research partners worked on policy indicators • 100+ national independent legal experts answer and peer review, all based on policies passed by 31 May 2010

www. mipex. eu/use & /blog

Key Findings Average @ ≈50%: Political will counts, more than tradition +1: Slow progress Few fact-based changes Monitor statistics (esp. emp. & edu. ), but evaluate policy impact?

Key Findings Policies more similar and strong with EU law

1) ACCESS • Immediate access to employment Labour Market Mobility: • Private sector Indicators • Public sector • Immediate access to Self-employment • Self-employment sectors 2) ACCESS TO GENERAL SUPPORT • Public employment services • Access to education, vocational training, study grants • Recognition of non-EU qualifications 3) TARGETED SUPPORT • Facilitation of recognition procedures • Labour market integration measures • Measures for migrant women & youth • Support to access public employment services 4) WORKERS’ RIGHTS • Unions & negotiation bodies • Social Security • Working conditions • Information on migrant workers’ rights

Labour market mobility

Labour market mobility: Not yet slightly favourable CA & US lead with Nordics and labour migration countries Equal treatment, better targeted measures

↑ in 10 ↓ in IE, MT, NO New migration countries catch up on access & general support, with EU norms Large migration countries get better on weak targeted support (ES, PT, AT, DK, CA)

Prospective Impact: Single Residence & Work Permit 2) ACCESS TO GENERAL SUPPORT ↑ Public employment services (equal access as nationals, except for unemployed) ↑ Access to education & training (equal for all workers, except fees, conditions, grants) ↑ Recognition of non-EU qualifications (equal access as nationals) 4) WORKERS’ RIGHTS ↑ Unions & negotiation bodies (equal access) ↑ Social Security (equal access, except for some cases of unemployed) ↑ Working conditions (equal access) ↑ Information on migrant workers’ rights (regularly updated information)

Nearly all MS ↑, cut in half gap between EU 15 & EU 12 Major reforms(↑ ≈20 pts) make general support & rights favourable for societal integration (scoring ≈ 80/100) ≈8 pts ↑ on labour market mobility, now overall ‘slightly’ favourable

1) ACCESS • Pre-primary education • Compulsory education as legal right • Assessment of prior learning • Support to access secondary education • Vocational training • Higher education • Advice and guidance 2) TARGETING NEEDS • Induction programmes • Support in language(s) of instruction • Pupil monitoring • Targeted technical and financial assistance • Teacher training on migrants’ needs 3) NEW OPPORTUNITIES • Option to learn immigrant languages • Option to learn about immigrant cultures • Promoting social integration & monitoring segregation • Support to parents and communities 4) INTERCULTURAL EDUCATION • Inclusion in curriculum • State supports information initiatives • Modifying curricula to reflect diversity • Adapting daily life • Bringing migrants into teaching staff • Teacher training on intercultural education Education: Indicators

Education EU Area of Weakness Countries rarely see and address needs & opportunities of new diverse generation Nordic ‘Mainstreaming’ USA Targeting Needs CA, AU multiculturalism benefits all students PT incremental but central approach

Education Country comparison • Equal access in compulsory (most) • Equal access in all (1/2) • Few targeted measures re: access • Few legal entitlements & standards re: needs • Immigrant languages, but not for all • Few systems to diversify schools/teachers • Uneven support for intercultural education