Minor Parts of Speech Pronouns Auxiliaries Conjunctions Determiners

Minor Parts of Speech Ø Pronouns Ø Auxiliaries Ø Conjunctions Ø Determiners Ø Qualifiers Ø Prepositions Ø Isolates

PRONOUNS Ø Definition: a word that replaces a noun or noun phrase

Types of Pronouns Ø Personal Ø Demonstrative Ø Reflexive Ø Intensive Ø Indefinite

Personal Pronouns Ø Person l Ø 1 st Person Case l • Speaker l • Functions as the subject 2 nd Person l 3 rd Person l • Addressee l Number l l Singular Plural Objective (him) • Functions as the object • Innocent bystander Ø Subjective (he) Ø Possessive (his) Gender l l l Masculine Feminine Neuter

Demonstrative Pronouns Ø Definition: words that point out an object and are often accompanied with pointing gesture Plural these Singular this that those

Reflexive & Intensive Pronouns Ø Definition: Ø Reflexive l l Object Ex. Hillary hurt herself. Ø Intensive l l form ends in –self Modifier Ex. Hillary bought herself a new car.

Indefinite Pronouns “leftover class of pronouns” most all ne QUANTIFIERS each e several another everybody some none yo ver anybod y

AUXILAIRIES Ø Ø “Helping Verbs: words that may join with the true verb in making up the complete verb of a sentence Voice l Active • • • l Single verb Point of view of the doer Ex. Jake called every member of the class. Passive • Form of be (auxiliary) followed by past participle form of main verb • Point of view of the person effected by action • Ex. Every member of the class was called by Jake.

CONJUNCTIONS Ø COORDINATING l l Connect two elements of equal grammatical status Example • • • and but or for nor so Ø SUBORDINATING l l Connect structures of unequal grammatical status Connect clauses only

DETERMINERS Ø Signifies that a noun is coming Ø Modifies a noun but cannot be made comparative or superlative Ø Precedes adjectives in a noun phrase Ø Words: the, a, an, our, this, some, every, first, all

QUALIFERS Ø Definition: modifies an adjective or an adverb, either strengthening or weakening its meaning Ø Words l l l l more most very quite rather somewhat each

PREPOSITIONS Definition: a word that shows the relation of a noun or pronoun to some other word in the sentence Ø Usually followed by a noun phrase Ø “Anything a plane can do to a cloud” Ø Example: above, around, through, behind, with, to, at, during Ø

ISOLATES OUCH!! Definition: Words that are not grammatically connected to other sentence parts and are typically separated with commas Ø Indicates the speaker’s attitude or feelings Ø

THAT’S ALL FOLKS! This concludes our study of the minor parts of speech. Congratulations!! You made it!