Ministry of Labour and Social Security Occupational Health
Ministry of Labour and Social Security Occupational Health and Safety Centre İSGÜM Bursa Laboratory Canset YAVAŞ Physicist 25/05/2010 Ankara 1
Content of Presentation • • Definitions Health effects Vibration Directive Standarts Parameters for measurement Measurement and assessment of whole body vibration Measurement and assessment of hand arm vibration 25/05/2010 Ankara 2
Vibration • Vibration refers to mechanical oscillations about an equilibrium point • Frequency is a number of cycles per unit time (in SI units hertz) Animation courtesy of Dr. Dan Russell, Kettering University 25/05/2010 Ankara 3
Definitions • Hand-Arm Vibration: The mechanical vibration that, when transmitted to the human hand arm system entails risk to the health and safety of workers, in particular vascular bone or joint, neurological or muscular disorders 25/05/2010 Ankara 4
Definitions • Whole Body Vibration: The mechanical vibration that, when transmitted to the whole body, entails risks to the health and safety of workers, in particular lower-back morbidity and trauma of the spine 25/05/2010 Ankara 5
Health Effects of Hand Arm Vibration Vacsular Disorders • Dead or white finger • Raynaud’s phenomenon of occupational origin • Vibration-induced white finger Neurological Disorders Carpal Tunel Syndrome 25/05/2010 Ankara 6
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Health Effects of Whole Body Vibration • Lower-back pain, Back, shoulder or neck disorders Exposure to whole body vibration may cause • Discomfort • Aggravate pre-existing back injuries • Motion sickness (low frequency vibration) 25/05/2010 Ankara 8
Vibration Directive • For hand - arm vibration; The daily exposure limit value: 5 m/s 2 the daily exposure action value : 2, 5 m/s 2 • For Whole body vibration; The daily exposure limit value: 1, 15 m/s 2 the daily exposure action value : 0, 5 m/s 2 25/05/2010 Ankara 9
Vibration Directive Obligations of Employers • Determination and assessment of risk assessment of mechanical vibration exposure levels • Avoiding or reducing exposure identifying meausers for control of exposure • Worker information and training • Health Surveillance 25/05/2010 Ankara 10
Standards • ISO 5349 -1: 2001 Mechanical vibration- Measurement and evaluation of human exposure to hand-transmitted vibration-Part 1: General requirements • ISO 5349 -2: 2001 Mechanical vibration - Measurement and evaluation of human exposure to hand-transmitted vibration - Part 2: Practical guidance for measurement at the workplace • ISO 2631 -1: 1997 Mechanical vibration and shock Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration - Part 1: General requirements 25/05/2010 Ankara 11
Measurement Device Measuring equipment should comply with the ISO 8041: 2005 Human response to vibration - Measuring instrumentation 25/05/2010 Ankara 12
Parameters for exposure assessment Time 25/05/2010 Ankara 13
ac cel er ati on Hand arm Vibration Weighting Wh Hz 25/05/2010 Ankara 14
ac. Whole cel er ati on Body Vibration Weighting wd, wk Hz 25/05/2010 Ankara 15
X axis: Back to chest Y axis: Left to right x Z axis: Head to toe 25/05/2010 Ankara 16
X axis: Trough the hand Y axis: Across the hand Z axis: Along the lenght of the hand arm 25/05/2010 Ankara 17
Measurement of Whole Body Vibration 25/05/2010 Ankara 18
Assessment of Whole Body Vibration 1. Daily Vibration Exposure A(8) 2. Vibration Dose Value (VDV) (Both measures are dependent on a measured acceleration value) A x (8) : 1, 4*awx* √Texp/T 0 A y (8) : 1, 4*awy* √Texp/T 0 A z (8) : 1*awz* √Texp/T 0 25/05/2010 Ankara T 0 : 8 hour reference period Texp: Exposure time 19
Crest Factor 25/05/2010 Ankara 20
Assessment of Whole Body Vibration • Vibration Dose Value (VDV) More sensitive to peaks VDV exp, x : 1, 4*VDVx* (Texp/Tmeas)1/4 m/s 1, 75 VDV exp, y : 1, 4*VDVy* (Texp/Tmeas) 1/4 m/s 1, 75 VDV exp, z : 1*VDVz* (Texp/Tmeas) 1/4 m/s 1, 75 Texp: Exposure time Tmeas: Measurement time 25/05/2010 Ankara 21
Daily Exposure A(8) where there is one task 25/05/2010 Ankara 22
Daily Exposure A(8) where there is more than one task 25/05/2010 Ankara 23
Vibration Dose Value where there is one task 25/05/2010 Ankara 24
Vibration Dose Value where there is more than one task 25/05/2010 Ankara 25
Measurement of Hand Arm Vibration 25/05/2010 Ankara 26
Assessment of Hand Arm Vibration • Daily Exposure Value A (8) ahwx : Frequency weighted (rms) acceleration value for x axis ahwy : Frequency weighted (rms) acceleration value for y axis ahwz : Frequency weighted (rms) acceleration value for z axis Total Vibration Value ahv : √a 2 hwx+ a 2 hwy+ a 2 hwz A (8): ahv* √Texp/T 0 25/05/2010 Ankara 27
Daily Exposure A(8) 25/05/2010 Ankara 28
Daily Exposure A(8) Where there is more than one task 25/05/2010 Ankara 29
Thank you cyavas@csgb. gov. tr 25/05/2010 Ankara 30
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