Minilesson Learning Target Students will be able to
Mini-lesson Learning Target Students will be able to identify the difference between primary and secondary sources.
When studying a particular topic, you can learn information from many different sources (people or objects that provide information). Some of those sources are known as primary sources.
Primary sources are the original records of a specific time in history. When you examine primary sources, it’s like taking a trip back in time to learn what a certain historical time period was really like – firsthand.
Primary sources include: portraits contract s photograph s also – musi c historical documents speeche s newspaper articles
As a class complete this Thinking Map- Circle Map about Primary Sources DIRECTIONS: Inside the Big Circle Examples of Primary Sources Outside the Circle How do you know when it’s a Primary Source? Primary Sources
Mingle & Share Everyone walk around the room, when the teacher says stop turn to the person next to you and define or give an example of a PRIMARY source.
Think about what you can recall about Primary Sources…. Share with the class. Why is it important for YOU to USE Primary Sources? Share with the class.
Why is it important for YOU to use Primary Sources? ü Direct engagement with artifacts and records of the past encourages deeper content exploration, active analysis, and thoughtful response ü Analysis of primary sources helps YOU develop critical thinking skills by examining meaning, context, bias, purpose, point of view, etc. ü Primary source analysis fosters learner-led inquiry as YOU construct knowledge by interacting with a variety of sources that represent different accounts of the past. ü YOU realize that history exists through interpretation that reflects the view points and biases of those doing the interpreting.
source of information called SECONDARY Sources. What do YOU think makes a source Secondary? Share with the class.
Secondary sources are written or created after (often long after) the original event or moment in time. Secondary sources are the work of people who were NOT present at the original moment in time. They may share an opinion or argument about the past which can lead to a bias of the event. Discuss as a class what is means to have a bias and its impact of history.
Secondary sources include: textbooks print encyclopedia s biographies online encyclopedia s
Recognizing the Difference between Primary & Secondary Sources Primary Source: (noun) something written or created by a person who witnessed a historical event Primary Sources include letters, diaries, eyewitness articles, videotapes, speeches and photographs. Artifacts, such as human-made tools, are also primary sources. Secondary Source: (noun) an account of a historical event written by someone who did not witness the event Books, paintings, and media reports that are
Explain the difference between PRIMARY and SECONDARY sources to your neighbor. Do you notice a pattern? Is there something in common? How can YOU tell the difference? Discuss as a class your answers.
ANCIENT CHINA The Silk Road: Recording the Journey Document Based Questions DOCUMENT SOURCES, SOURCE INFORMATION, DOCUMENT ANALYSIS, JOURNAL WRITING ENTRIES
Silk Road Timeline When in the World Was All This Happening?
The Silk Road Click on map to watch video
Marking The Text & Writing in the Margin Strategies Marking the Text: 1) Number the paragraphs Your purpose for reading Understanding what life was like while trading and traveling on the Silk Road 2) Circle key terms, cited authors, and other essential (important) words or numbers 3) Underline the author’s claims and other information relevant to the reading purpose Writing in the Margin: 4) Write the GIST- Briefly summarize paragraphs or sections of the text: State what the paragraph is about Describe what the author is doing or saying Account for key terms and/or ideas
The Silk Road: Recording the Journey
Who traveled on the Silk Road routes? Hook Exercise
Creating YOUR Fictitious Character Profile Sheet
Completing YOUR Fictitious Profile Sheet
Key Vocabulary Terms YOU WILL BE DEFINING THESE TERMS IN YOUR OWN WORDS AFTER READING THE BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Silk Road A vast overland trade network extending from China to the Mediterranean
Export Sending goods to other countries or regions for sale or trade
Domestication The process of making an animal accustomed to living with or near people
Caravans Large groups of people traveling together, usually with a lot of gear
Dynasty A succession of rulers from the same family
Heyday A time of great strength or success
Background Essay Questions Answer in your Packet 1. How long ago did trade between China and the Mediterranean region begin? 2. How did the domestication of the camel help the development of the Silk Road? 3. Why did trade along the Silk Road flourish during the time of the Han, Kushan, Parthian, and Roman Empires? 4. Why did the Chinese trade silk for horses from Ferghana? What did Emperor Wi-Ti think of them? 5. What was an important role of the Parthians in the Silk Road trade? 6. What brought an end to the dominance of the Silk Road? 7. Define these terms: Silk Road, export, domestication, caravans, dynasty, heyday
Document A: The Silk Road Route (map) Materials needed: Packet p. 407 Document Analysis Sheet: Document Letter: A Pencil & Eraser
Document Analysis Questions Answer in your Packet 1. How far was it along the Silk Road from Chang’an to Dunhuang? To Marakanda? To Antioch? To Rome? 2. The Silk Road crossed many types of terrain. What two deserts did the Silk Road cross? 3. What goods and ideas came from China? Central Asia? Africa? India? 4. What is the meaning of “cultural diffusion”?
FATPP & Writing Journal Entry #1 Review! What does FATPP stand for? v F v v Audience- Self-reflection/point of view T v v Format- Diary/Journal Topic- Answer the Questions (2) P v Purpose- Put yourself in that situation, learn about history of Silk Road v Plan- Answer Q’s, Label Entry, Grabber or Hook, Describe your “world, ” & Revise and Edit Conventions Writing Journal Entry #1: Label your entry (Year 200 NOT 2000!) “Chang’an, April 5, 200, Dawn” You are ready to head west from Chang’an, the easternmost city on The Silk Road. You look over the map to get a sense of what lies ahead of you. You will be taking the main Silk Road route, towards Dunhuang. What difficulties do you think you will face? What else are you thinking as you wait to leave? ”
FATPP & Writing Journal Entry #1 Review! What does FATPP stand for? v F v v v “Chang’an, April 5, 200, Dawn” Audience- Self-reflection/point of view G/H: We are leaving Chang’an! The camels are packed and ready to go. T v v Format- Diary/Journal A v Topic- Answer the Questions (2) P v Topic/Q: 1) So much ground to cover on the map. We will be taking the main Silk Road route. 2) Nervous but excited, too. What lies ahead? Purpose- Put yourself in that situation, learn about history of Silk Road v Journal Entry #1: Plan- Answer Q’s, Label Entry, Grabber or Hook, Describe your “world, ” & Revise and Edit Conventions
Journal Writing Model Entry April 5, 200, Dawn, Chang’an We are leaving Chang’an! Finally, the caravan is ready to leave. I had many details to take care of in the last few days, and I was afraid I would not get them done in time. The camels are packed and ready to go. Early this morning, I said good-bye to my wife and three children. My wife cried. It is hard for her to accept that I will be gone for so long – over a year. But I reassured her that I would be safe. When I look over the map, though, I also feel afraid about the length of the journey especially the deserts and mountains that I will have to cross. So much ground to cover on the map. We will be taking the main Silk Road route. I have gone on caravans before, but never all the way to the land of the Romans. But, if I am successful, this trip will bring much prosperity and honor to my family. I will read the lessons of Confucius for guidance. Nervous but excited, too. What lies ahead?
June 1, 200, Evening, Dunhuang We have traveled more than 1, 000 miles. Dunhuang is a busy oasis that I have visited before. I have met many fellow travelers around the campfire, may more than on my last visit to Dunhuang. I met Buddhists, Hindus, and people of other religions. I think this trade route has helped religions to spread, Indeed, the number of Buddhists in China has increased recently. I had a long talk with the Buddhist and Hindu about our faiths over the campfire. We were all respectful of each other’s beliefs. In fact, a Buddhist gave me a book of Buddhist prayers and I gave him a book of Confucian lessons. Soon we will start to cross the dreaded Gobi Desert. This is the part of the journey that I fear the most. I have heard that spirits roam these desserts and lead travelers astray. Also, the heat is horrible. The caravan leader says that we will take the northern route, since bandit attacks have been few recently.
June 12, 200, Midday, Taklimakan Desert Crossing the edge of the Taklimakekan Desert seems endless. I’m writing in my journal to stay awake and alert. The heat, the sun, and the steady movement of the camels make me tired. . very tired. The caravan leader warned us that travelers sometimes faint in the desert and are accidentally left behind. So I write to live. Is the wailing of the wind really goblins, as some people say? I felt a desire to seek out the source of this singing, but resisted. Others have tried to do so and been lost forever. Oh, what a horrible, barren land! Will this desert never end?
ADVANCED SOCIAL STUDIES ONLY- Student Created Document F You and your closest companions have decided to continue your travels into the Roman Empire. 1) Find a primary source document or image from the Ancient Roman Empire that supports your travels and complete the Primary Source Analysis worksheet. 2) Journal paragraphs- Start by summarizing the trip from Antioch to Rome with at least 3 details including but not limited to geography, obstacles, and/or interactions. Then create your journal entry incorporating your primary source and describe your experience in this large unfamiliar city with at least 5 details.
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