Minerals Inside Earth Chapter 4 1 Pages 118

Minerals Inside Earth Chapter 4. 1 Pages 118 -126

What is a Mineral? • A naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and definite chemical composition

Naturally Occurring • Must form through Earth’s natural processes. – Extreme heat – Pressure – Evaporation

Inorganic • Cannot come from materials that were once part of living things.

Solid • Always in the solid state of matter • Properties: – Definite shape and volume • Particle Movement: – Particles can’t flow freely.

Definite Chemical Composition • A mineral always contains certain elements in definite proportions. • Element: a substance composed of a single kind of atom – All atoms have the same chemical and physical properties or Characteristic Properties

Definite Chemical Composition • Compound - two or more elements chemically combined. – Most minerals are compounds – Chemically joined.

Definite Chemical Composition • Mixture - consists of two or more substances that are mixed together but not chemically combined.

Crystal Structure • Particles of a mineral line up in a repeating pattern. Forms a solid called a crystal. – Has flat sides called faces, that meet at sharp edges and corners.

Mineral: Yes or No? N ! o o N n t u t a y l l ra Brick c c o n i r u . g

Mineral: Yes or No? Yes! Definite chemical composition. Gold

Mineral: Yes or No? No ! Is an org an ic Coal co mp ou nd .

Take a Look • Examine some of the samples in the box and make the following observations: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Number of sides Color Size of crystals, if there any Is it shiny? Any other special observations