MINERALS AND ENERGY RESOURCES l Minerals are indispensable

MINERALS AND ENERGY RESOURCES l Minerals are indispensable part of our lives. l Many of the modern things like ships, machines, trains etc cannot be thought of without minerals. l Minerals are homogeneous naturally occurring substances with definable internal structure found in different rocks.

Classification of Minerals are classified on the basis of colour, hardness, crystal forms, luster and density. Class. of Minerals Metallic Non-Metallic Energy Res.

Classification. . contd. 1. Metallic: a)(Ferrous)iron ore, manganese, nickel, cobalt. b)Non-Ferrous: copper, lead, tin, bauxite. c)Precious : gold, silver, platinum 2. Non-Metallic: Mica, salt, marble. 3. Energy Minerals: Coal, Petroleum, Natural gas.

Distribution of some Minerals Iron Ore: Orissa-Jharkhand belt. Maurbhanj, Keonjhar, Sigabhum. l Durg, Bastar, (Chattisgarh)Chandrapur(Mah). l Bellary, Chitradurga, Chikamagalur, Tumkur(Karn). l Goa Manganese: Orissa is the largest producer. Copper: M. P. -52%, Singabhum in Jharkhand Khetri in Rajasthan. l

Dist. Of Minerals-contd… l Bauxite: Orissa produces about 45% of India’s bauxite. l Mica: Gaya (Hazaribagh) in Jharkhkand, l Ajmer in Rajasthan, l Nellore in Andhra Pradesh.

Energy Resources l Coal, petroleum and Natural gas are called fossil fuels. l Coal: Bituminus, Anthracite, Lignite and Peat are the imp. types. l Imp. coalfields are Jharia, Raniganj, Bokaro and fields in Godavari, Mahanadi, Son basins.

ASSIGNMENT. l Name a few renewable mineral resources l Describe the distribution of iron and coal in India

Crude Oil(Petroleum) l l 63% produced in Mumbai High. 18% in Gujarat. 16% in Assam. Ankaleswarin Guj, and Digboi, Naharkata, Moran –Hueirajan are imp. oil fields in Assam.

Natural gas. l l l Large resources of N. gas are found in Krishna. Godavari basin. Gulf of Cambay. Assam. Andaman &Nicobar Islands. 1700 km Hazira-Bijapur-Jagdispur gas pipeline links Mumbai High and Bassein. Use of CNG- compressed natural gas is gaining importance for vehicles.

Electricity Hydro-Electricity-ex –Hirakud project(Orissa) l Thermal Electricity: NTPC&STPC plants. There are 310 plants in. India. l Atomiic Energy is produced by using atomic minerals like uranium and thorium. There about 6 nuclear power plants. The important ones are Tarapur, Kota, Kalpakkam, and Narora. l

ASSIGNMENT. l Describe the distribution of coal in India. l Why do you think that solar energy has a bright future in India?