Mine Ban Policy Mine Action Casualties and Victim

Mine Ban Policy Mine Action Casualties and Victim Assistance Support for Mine Action

Mine Ban Treaty Status 80% of the world’s nations have joined the Mine Ban Treaty: 158 States Parties Tuvalu and South Sudan recently joined March for a mine-free world held in Eritrea. © Dawit Azmera/UNICEF, 4 April 2011

Mine Ban Treaty Holdouts Campaigners in Korea encourage the US to join the Mine Ban Treaty. 39 countries remain outside the Mine Ban Treaty, including some major stockpilers, producers, or users of antipersonnel mines: China, India, Myanmar, Pakistan, Russia, and the United States ©Korean Campaign to Ban Landmines, 17 April 2011 Most are in de facto compliance with many of the treaty’s provisions

Landmine Use by Governments In 2010 and 2011: No confirmed use of antipersonnel mines by States Parties There was confirmed use of antipersonnel mines by 4 governments: Israel, Libya, Myanmar, and Syria Monitor researcher conducts an interview during a field mission along the Thailand/ Myanmar border. © Anitra Moser-Puangsuwan, March 2011

Landmine Use by Non-State Armed Groups Deminer at work in Colombia. Non-state armed groups used mines in 4 countries: 2 States Parties: Afghanistan and Colombia 2 states not party: Myanmar and Pakistan © Luis Paniagua/OAS AICMA, May 2011 Down from 6 in 2009 Lowest recorded number

Landmine Production © Hafeez/SPADO, 3 January 2011 In 2010: 12 states listed as producers A child survivor in Pakistan. of antipersonnel mines Active production by as few as 3 countries: India, Pakistan & Myanmar Production by NSAGs in Afghanistan, Colombia, India & Myanmar

87 states parties have completed stockpile destruction Over 45 million mines destroyed Belarus, Greece, Turkey & Ukraine missed stockpile destruction deadlines and are in serious violation of the Mine Ban Treaty © Kasia Derlick/ICBL, April 2011 Landmine Stockpiling & Stockpile Destruction A contaminated area in Cambodia.

Landmine Stockpiling by states not party and NSAGs It is estimated that 35 states not party, including China and Russia, possess stockpiles of over 160 million antipersonnel mines In 2010 non-state armed groups in 5 countries were reported to posses stocks of antipersonnel mines Most non-state armed groups no longer have access to factory-made antipersonnel mines due to reduced availability of the weapons under the Mine Ban Treaty

Landmine & ERW Contamination There is mine contamination in: 72 states 7 areas 13 states have contamination of 100 km 2 or more Female deminers at work in Sri Lanka. © Sean Sutton/Mines Advisory Group, February 2011

Landmine Contamination Mine-affected states and other areas as of August 2011 Africa Angola Burundi Chad Djibouti DRC Eritrea Ethiopia Guinea-Bissau Mauritania Mali Mozambique Namibia Niger Republic of the Congo Senegal Somalia South Sudan Uganda Zimbabwe Somaliland 20 states and 1 area Americas Argentina* Chile Colombia Cuba Ecuador Peru Venezuela 7 states Asia-Pacific Afghanistan Bhutan Cambodia China India North Korea South Korea Lao PDR Myanmar Palau Pakistan Philippines Sri Lanka Thailand Vietnam Taiwan Europe and CIS Armenia Azerbaijan Bi. H Croatia Cyprus Denmark Georgia Germany Greece Kyrgyzstan Moldova Montenegro Russia Serbia Tajikistan Turkey United Kingdom* Uzbekistan Abkhazia Nagorno-Karabakh Kosovo 15 states and 1 area 18 states and 3 areas Middle East-North Africa Algeria Egypt Iran Iraq Israel Jordan Lebanon Libya Morocco Oman Syria Yemen Palestine Western Sahara 12 states and 2 areas Note: Other areas are indicated by italics. States not party to the Mine Ban Treaty are indicated in black. *Argentina and the UK both claim sovereignty over the Falkland Islands/Malvinas, which still contain mined areas.

Mine Action Clearance in 2010 © Adrian Gregorich, 5 April 2011 In 2010 an area over 5 times the size of Paris was cleared Highest annual total recorded 200 km 2 of mined areas cleared of: 388, 000 antipersonnel mines 27, 000 antivehicle mines 460 km 2 of battle areas cleared of: 1. 2 million items of UXO Almost 3, 000 items of AXO Demining demonstration in Cambodia.

Mine Action Clearance Programs In 2010, 80% of clearance recorded in: Detonation of explosives during clearance operations in the DR Congo. Afghanistan, Cambodia, Croatia, Iraq, and Sri Lanka Clearance programs were declared complete in 2010 -2011 in: 3 States Parties: Nigeria, Gambia & Nicaragua 1 state not party: Nepal © Gwenn Dubourthoumieu/UNMACC, April 2011

Mine Ban Treaty Clearance Deadline Extension Requests A warning sign is replaced near a mined area in Ecuador. Article 5 of the Mine Ban Treaty requires clearance within 10 years 26 States Parties have requested or been granted extensions of their clearance deadlines © OAS AICMA, April 2011 Of the 22 States Parties granted extensions, only Nicaragua has completed clearance & only 6 are on track to meet extended deadlines

© Gwenn Dubourthoumieu/UNMACC, 4 April 2011 Mine Action Risk Education in 2010 Risk education workshop in the DR Congo. Emergency risk education (RE) is needed in Colombia, Myanmar, Pakistan, and Somalia, as well as newlycontaminated Libya Provision of mine/ERW RE continued to decrease as clearance reduced threat in many states & areas

4, 191 new recorded casualties in 60 states/areas 1, 155 people killed 2, 848 injured 188 casualty status unknown © Loren Persi Vicentic /Monitor, May 2011 Landmine & ERW Casualties in 2010 Similar to 2009 when 4, 010 Rehabilitation at the National casualties identified Orthopedic Centre in Tajikistan. Afghanistan (1, 211) & Colombia (512) had the most casualties Due to incomplete data collection, the actual number of casualties was certainly higher than recorded

Landmine & ERW Casualties in 2010 54 states and 6 areas where new casualties were identified in 2010 Afghanistan Albania Algeria Angola Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Bi. H Cambodia Chad Colombia DRC Croatia Egypt Eritrea Ethiopia Georgia Germany Guinea-Bissau India Iran Iraq Israel Jordan Kenya South Korea Kuwait Lao PDR Lebanon Libya Malawi Mauritania Mozambique Myanmar Nepal Nicaragua Niger Pakistan Panama Peru Philippines Russia Senegal Somalia Sri Lanka Sudan Tajikistan Thailand Turkey Uganda Ukraine Vietnam Yemen Zimbabwe Abkhazia Kosovo Nagorno-Karabakh Palestine Somaliland Western Sahara Note: Other areas are indicated by italics. States not party to the Mine Ban Treaty are indicated in black. States with 100 or more new casualties in 2010 State Afghanistan Colombia Pakistan Cambodia Myanmar Iran Somalia Lao PDR No. of casualties in 2010 1, 211 512 394 286 274 158 154 117

Landmine & ERW Casualty Demographics 2010 By age By civilian/military status By sex Male 74 %

Landmine & ERW Casualty Demographics 2010 Casualties by item

Landmine & ERW Impact in 2010 Region Mine-affected states/ areas in region No. of states/areas in region with reported casualties No. of new reported casualties in region Asia-Pacific 15 states/ 1 area 12 2, 477 Africa 20 states/ 1 area 17 531 Americas 7 states 3 524 Middle East & North Africa 12 states/ 2 areas 13 427 Europe & CIS 18 states/ 3 areas 15 232

Landmine & ERW Victim Assistance in 2010 © Camilo Villegas/Campaña Colombiana contra Minas, August 2010 Positive developments included: Focus on service accessibility & availability Efforts to combine implementation of Mine Ban Treaty, the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, and the Convention on Cluster Munitions Negative developments included: Human development Only 9% of international was for workshop in Colombia. victim assistance funding increases in armed violence affected accessibility of services in several states with significant numbers of survivors

There were US$637 million in national & international contributions recorded: $157 million in national support reported by 24 states $480 million in international support from 31 donors to 57 states/areas Additional $81 million in assessments from the UN General Assembly for mine action operations within peacekeeping operations A mine survivor in Azerbaijan who received a micro-credit loan. © Hafiz Safikhanov/Azerbaijan Campaign Support for Mine Action in 2010

National Support for Mine Action in 2010 Year No. of states reporting national contributions National contributions ($ million) 2010 2009 2008 24 26 27 157 164 160 Croatia, Angola, Colombia, and Bi. H accounted for 70% of all reported national contributions Chile, Denmark, and Venezuela only mine-affected states that receive all of their mine action funding from national sources The mine action programs in Azerbaijan and Croatia receive over 80% of their funding from national sources

International Support for Mine Action in 2010 Top Donors United States ($119 million) Norway ($50. 3 million) European Commission ($49. 8 million) Japan ($46. 8 million) Canada ($30. 1 million) Provided 64% of total international funding Top Recipients Afghanistan ($102. 6 million) Angola ($45. 7 million) Iraq ($37. 2 million) Sudan ($27 million) Sri Lanka ($26. 3 million) Received 55% of total international funding In 2010, international support was at the highest recorded level International funding exceeded $400 million for a 5 th consecutive year

International Support for Mine Action By Sector in 2010 Sector No. of donors No. of recipients Clearance/risk education Victim assistance Various Advocacy Stockpile destruction Total 25 21 17 16 2 50 31 Mainly global 3 Total contribution ($ million) 408. 7 43. 6 16. 0 11. 0 1. 1 480. 4 Percentage 85. 07 9. 08 3. 33 2. 29 0. 23 100. 00 Of the total $480 million in mine action support, $20 million went towards cluster munition specific activities.

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