MIKMAQ HISTORY MONTH AND TREATY EDUCATION ASDN First

MI’KMAQ HISTORY MONTH AND TREATY EDUCATION ASD-N First Nation Education Team

The Wabanaki Include: Mi’kmaq Wolastoq (Maliseet) Passamaquoddy Penobscot Abenaki

WHAT IS A TREATY? Word Scramble

WHY TREATIES? • Wabanaki peoples occupied land for over 13, 500 years. • Wabanaki peoples pushed off traditional territories when Europeans arrived. • Conflict – over 100 years of violence between settlers and the Wabanaki (Mi’kmaq, Wolastoq, Passamaquoddy, Abenaki, Penobscot).

PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP TREATIES On the East Coast, Peace and Friendship Treaties were signed between the Mi’kmaq, Wolastuk (Maliseet), Passmaquoddy and the British Crown. These were signed before Canada was formed in the 1700 s. The British Crown began entering treaties to end hostilities and encourage cooperation. As the British and French competed for control of North America, treaties served as strategic alliances.

WHAT IS UNIQUE ABOUT THE PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP TREATIES?

OCTOBER 1, 1752 : TREATY DAY Chief Candice Paul

MI’KMAQ ACHIEVEMENTS AND INVENTIONS https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Vql. Hr. Yhvj. JY (3: 173: 50) The Journey of the Mi’kmaq: Wagamatcook Heritage Center (24 mins)

MI’KMAQ ACHIEVEMENTS AND INVENTIONS: http: //globalnews. ca/video/1764436/new-doc-claims-the-mikmaq-invented-hockey Mi’kmaq Hockey Documentary (6: 43)

Historical Contributions When some early explorers arrived in North America, they were suffering from scurvy. The Mi’kmaq prepared medicines which healed some of the people suffering from scurvy.

Early Trade Relations between Mi’kmaq, French and English “Mi'kmaq would trade furs for copper kettles, woolen blankets, iron knives, and the other products of early modern Europe. ” “Fisher[men from Europe] met Aboriginal Peoples who lived near the ocean. They began to trade metal and cloth goods for furs and fresh meat. As [Jacque] Cartier sailed past the coast of New Brunswick in 1534, he met Mi’kmaq people who were eager to trade with him. The Aboriginal Peoples liked the goods from Europe. More and more of them began to travel to the coast and the St. Lawrence River each summer to trade. They traded their furs for knives, axes, pots and other goods. ”

CANDY PALMATER SOME LOCAL MI’KMAQ HEROES/ATHLETES Isabelle Knockwood Kalolin Johnson MARIE THOMAS CLAIR By: ROGER SIMON GEORGE PAUL RITA JOE Savvy Simon City Natives Marilyn Simon. Ingram

MI’KMAQ LANGUAGE • Verb oriented • Ancient – more than 13, 500 years old • Regionalized, different dialects/words in each community • Steady decline in the number of Mi’kmaq speakers due to Residential Schools and forced assimilation. • The Mi’kmaq Language is one the 13 languages in Canada that are considered “moderately endangered. ” http: //www. firstnationhelp. com/

WELA’LIOQ, MERCI, THANK YOU