Migration Migration Migration movement of individuals from one

Migration

Migration • Migration = movement of individuals from one geographic location to another.

Migration • Migration = movement of individuals from one geographic location to another. • Animals need to prepare for migration – their biological clock sets in action: - Fat layers to ensure energy supplies for the journey

Migration • Migration = movement of individuals from one geographic location to another. • Animals need to prepare for migration – their biological clock sets in action: - Fat layers to ensure energy supplies for the journey - Moulting and replacing feathers to ensure maximum flight efficiency.

Advantages of Migration • A favourable climate and habitat (esp nest sites for breeding)

Advantages of Migration • A favourable climate and habitat (esp nest sites for breeding) • Abundant food and hours of daylight to forage.

Disadvantages • Migration can be risky – long distances.

Disadvantages • Migration can be risky – long distances. • Weather conditions may be harsh en route.

Disadvantages • Migration can be risky – long distances. • Weather conditions may be harsh en route. • Needs large amounts of energy.

Disadvantages • • Migration can be risky – long distances. Weather conditions may be harsh en route. Needs large amounts of energy. Navigation failure and increased predation.

Examples • Bar-tailed godwit. • Breed in Alaska in Northern summer, then fly 13’ 000 km to Alaska via Japan/China/Korea – resting posts.

Examples • Bar-tailed godwit. • Breed in Alaska in Northern summer, then fly 13’ 000 km to NZ via Japan/China/Korea – resting posts. • After, the birds fly direct to Alaska – 11’ 000 km and takes about a week.