Migration and Development What is at stake Tauhid

Migration and Development What is at stake? Tauhid Pasha Senior Specialist, Labour Migration and Human Development Division, Geneva 1

IOM and migration & development (M&D) “Making migration work for sustainable development for migrants, countries of origin and countries of destination” 2

M&D: what is at stake? • Migration matters today more than ever before • Migration is relevant to all three pillars of sustainable development • Governments increasingly recognize that migration is both inevitable and necessary and that it can contribute to inclusive and sustainable social and economic development 3

Effects of migration on development Migration is relevant to the • economic, • social and • environmental dimensions of sustainable development and to • peace and security. 4

Migration dynamics 7 billion Population 1 billion Migrants 232 million International 740 million Internal Feminization: ca. 50% 5

International Migrants in Context Population: Between 4 th and 5 th Largest Countries Indonesia International Migrants Brazil 4 th 237 million 232 million* 5 th 193 million Economic Contribution: Size of Large GDPs Saudi Arabia Annual Migrant Remittances Austria * Sources: World Bank 23 rd. USD 434 billion 24 th. USD 400 billion* USD 379 billion 28 th. 6

IV. Key findings: Comparing four pathways of migration Most international migrants move from the South to the North or between countries in the South 7 7

More than half of the top 20 migration corridors are accounted for by people migrating from South to South Top 20 migration corridors worldwide (migrant stock, in thousands), using the World Bank classification, 2010 8 Source: IOM calculations, based on UN DESA, 2012 b. 8

Migration trends in EECA • While migrant stocks in the region seem to have been stabilizing … • … other types of human mobility emerge (e. g. student mobility) International migrant stock, 1990 - 2013 Source: UN DESA, 2013, graph generated by IOM RO Vienna Outbound mobile students, 2011 Source: UNESCO, 2011 9

Remittances inflows in EECA, 2012 • Considerable impact of remittances inflows on 5 EECA countries (above 10 % of GDP) Source: World Bank, Oct. 2013, graph generated by IOM RO Vienna 10

Post 2015 development agenda 2015 deadline for achievement of millennium development goals Safe orderly migration = development gains Forced or unplanned migration = negative repercussions for human development 11

Migration as an enabler of development 12

Improving development outcomes 1. Promoting the integration of migration within development processes at national/regional/global levels. 2. Protecting & promoting the human rights of all migrants – including undocumented, stranded, stateless or otherwise vulnerable migrants. 3. Supporting inter-State, multi-stakeholder consultation and cooperation on migration, especially by providing knowledge and expertise 13

Effective approaches 1. Mainstreaming migration into development processes. 2. Development at a local level. 3. Diaspora engagement 4. Ethical recruitment standards 14

Thank you 15