Midterm Review Introduction to Computer Systems Engineering CPEG

Midterm Review Introduction to Computer Systems Engineering (CPEG 323) 2021/12/16 coursecpeg 323 -08 FFinal-Review-323 -08 F. ppt 1

Objectives of CPEG 323 Acquire solid knowledge in the analysis, design, implementation and evaluation of computer system organization with emphasis on instruction-set architecture and optimization Acquire basic knowledge of the interaction between system software (e. g. compilers) and hardware (architecture) design 2021/12/16 coursecpeg 323 -08 FFinal-Review-323 -08 F. ppt 2

ABET Outcomes Ability to apply knowledge of science (e. g. , computer architecture and system organization, and related computer science issues), and engineering (e. g. , performance analysis and benchmarking, ISA simulation and verification) Ability to use the techniques, skills and modern engineering tools necessary for engineering practice Knowledge of related topics in computer science discipline 2021/12/16 coursecpeg 323 -08 FFinal-Review-323 -08 F. ppt 3

Areas of Importance • Basics of computer organization • Instruction set architectures • Computer arithmetic • System Software • Computer performance 2021/12/16 coursecpeg 323 -08 FFinal-Review-323 -08 F. ppt 4

Basics of Computer Organization (Chapter 1 of text + slides Topic 0, 1, 1 a) • General knowledge of computing history • Historical perspectives - Impacts of technological changes - Market forces - How architecture is affected by software and applications • Basic structure of general purpose computer 2021/12/16 coursecpeg 323 -08 FFinal-Review-323 -08 F. ppt 5

Instruction Set Architectures (Chapter 2 of book + Slides 2, 2 a, 2 b, 2 c. 2 d) • What is ISA ? • Role of ISA w. r. t. hardware and software • MIPS instruction set architecture • Basic Steps of MIPS instruction execution 2021/12/16 coursecpeg 323 -08 FFinal-Review-323 -08 F. ppt 6

More about ISA … 4 style of ISAs: n n memory-to-memory accumulator machines stack machines register based ISA General vs. special purpose regs 2021/12/16 coursecpeg 323 -08 FFinal-Review-323 -08 F. ppt 7

More about ISA … MIPS memory model n n data types and sizes little vs. big endings Register conventions MIPS operations (3 types) n n n instruction format and fields addressing mode assembly vs. machine representation RISC vs. CISC Calling conventions and stack frames n n 2021/12/16 caller save vs. callee save parameter passing coursecpeg 323 -08 FFinal-Review-323 -08 F. ppt 8

More about ISA … System software and ISA role of system software tool chain: compiler, assembler, linker, etc. n n memory layout for C compilers runtime stack layout Interaction between ISA and OS n Privileged mode, traps, etc Static vs. dynamic libraries 2021/12/16 coursecpeg 323 -08 FFinal-Review-323 -08 F. ppt 9

Computer Arithmetic (Chapter 3 of book + Topics 3, 3 a, 3 b, 3 c, 3 d, 3 e) • Number representations 2021/12/16 • un/signed integers • BCDs • Two’s complement coursecpeg 323 -08 FFinal-Review-323 -08 F. ppt 10

Computer Arithmetic – cont’d Basic ALU design • Integer adders (ripple carry, look ahead techniques) • 2021/12/16 Integer multiply coursecpeg 323 -08 FFinal-Review-323 -08 F. ppt 11

Computer Arithmetic – cont’d Real numbers IEEE-754 Representation FP Addition 2021/12/16 coursecpeg 323 -08 FFinal-Review-323 -08 F. ppt 12

Performance Evaluation (Chapter 4 of book + Slides 4, 4 a) • Why performance evaluation ? • Performance matrices • Performance measurement • Benchmarks 2021/12/16 coursecpeg 323 -08 FFinal-Review-323 -08 F. ppt 13

Performance matrices Time-based matrices CPI MIPS and MFLOPS Hardware based matrices and weakness 2021/12/16 coursecpeg 323 -08 FFinal-Review-323 -08 F. ppt 14

Performance measurement and benchmarking Sustained and peak performance Relative performance Benchmark classes 2021/12/16 coursecpeg 323 -08 FFinal-Review-323 -08 F. ppt 15