middle cranial fossa Posterior cranial fossa 4 temporal

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颅底和侧壁 一部分, 参与组成： 颅中窝 middle cranial fossa, 颅后窝 Posterior cranial fossa. 颅底内面 4

颅底和侧壁 一部分, 参与组成： 颅中窝 middle cranial fossa, 颅后窝 Posterior cranial fossa. 颅底内面 4

耳大部分在颞骨（temporal bone）内: 外耳道external acou 0 stic meatus骨部 中耳middle ear 内耳inner ear 内耳道Internal acoustic meatus

耳大部分在颞骨（temporal bone）内: 外耳道external acou 0 stic meatus骨部 中耳middle ear 内耳inner ear 内耳道Internal acoustic meatus 外中内耳示意图 6

耳廓auricle表面标志 Helix Crus of helix Antihelix Cavum conchae tragus 正常耳廓形态 切迹 lobule 耳廓示意图 9

耳廓auricle表面标志 Helix Crus of helix Antihelix Cavum conchae tragus 正常耳廓形态 切迹 lobule 耳廓示意图 9

三. 中耳middle ear ： 四部分: 鼓室tympanic cavity 鼓窦 tympanic antrum 咽鼓管 乳突mastoid process 中耳示意图

三. 中耳middle ear ： 四部分: 鼓室tympanic cavity 鼓窦 tympanic antrum 咽鼓管 乳突mastoid process 中耳示意图 pharyngotympanic tube 11

1. 鼓室: Tympanic cavity 上下径15 mm 前后径13 mm 容 积 1～ 2 ml 分三部：

1. 鼓室: Tympanic cavity 上下径15 mm 前后径13 mm 容 积 1～ 2 ml 分三部： 上鼓室 epitympanum 内外径6 mm. 中鼓室 mesotympanum 内外径2 mm. 下鼓室 hypotympanum 内外径4 mm. 鼓室冠状剖面图 12

鼓膜 tympanic membrane 感受增强和传导声压 形态 椭圆 大小 高 9 mm 宽 8 mm 厚度

鼓膜 tympanic membrane 感受增强和传导声压 形态 椭圆 大小 高 9 mm 宽 8 mm 厚度 0. 1 mm 三层 Pars flaccida Pars tensa Short process of malleus Handle of malleus umbo 光锥 Cone of light 鼓膜形态及外面标志 鼓膜四个象限 纤维软骨环 16

③前壁: 鼓膜张肌半管口 semicanalis orifice tensoris tympani 咽鼓管鼓口 ostium tympanicum tubae auditivae 颈内动脉管 internal carotid

③前壁: 鼓膜张肌半管口 semicanalis orifice tensoris tympani 咽鼓管鼓口 ostium tympanicum tubae auditivae 颈内动脉管 internal carotid artery canal 鼓室前壁外面观 19

椭园囊utricle: 椭园囊斑macula utriculi 前庭感受器 球 囊saccule: 球囊斑macula sacculi vestibular 膜半规管 membranous semicircular canals: receptor

椭园囊utricle: 椭园囊斑macula utriculi 前庭感受器 球 囊saccule: 球囊斑macula sacculi vestibular 膜半规管 membranous semicircular canals: receptor 壶腹嵴crista ampullaris 囊腔 囊斑 膜囊断面示意图 囊斑(位觉斑maculae staticae)切面示意图 38

上壁-前庭膜vestibular membrane. 膜蜗管(中阶) 外壁-螺旋韧带spiral ligament. 血管纹 membranous 下壁-基底膜basilar membrane: cochlear duct 螺旋器spiral organ 听觉感受器

上壁-前庭膜vestibular membrane. 膜蜗管(中阶) 外壁-螺旋韧带spiral ligament. 血管纹 membranous 下壁-基底膜basilar membrane: cochlear duct 螺旋器spiral organ 听觉感受器 长 32 mm auditory receptor (高钠) (高钾) （螺旋器） (高钠) 耳蜗内部结构(横切面局部) 40

耳的生理功能 physiological function of ear 耳有什么 生理功能 ？ 43

耳的生理功能 physiological function of ear 耳有什么 生理功能 ？ 43

听 觉acouesthesia 平衡觉equilibrium 耳的生理功能： 一. 听觉生理auditory function ①空气传导air conduction 1. 声音传导：②骨传导bone conduction 声音传入内耳的空气传道过程 44

听 觉acouesthesia 平衡觉equilibrium 耳的生理功能： 一. 听觉生理auditory function ①空气传导air conduction 1. 声音传导：②骨传导bone conduction 声音传入内耳的空气传道过程 44

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Cranial Cavity Anterior Cranial Fossa Middle Cranial FossaCranial Cavity Anterior Cranial Fossa Middle Cranial Fossa
Dr Ahmed Fathalla Ibrahim TEMPORAL FOSSA TEMPORAL FOSSADr Ahmed Fathalla Ibrahim TEMPORAL FOSSA TEMPORAL FOSSA
Dr Ahmed Fathalla Ibrahim TEMPORAL FOSSA TEMPORAL FOSSADr Ahmed Fathalla Ibrahim TEMPORAL FOSSA TEMPORAL FOSSA
Temporal fossa Infratemporal fossa Muscles of mastication KritchaiTemporal fossa Infratemporal fossa Muscles of mastication Kritchai
Cerebellum External Configurations located in posterior cranial fossaCerebellum External Configurations located in posterior cranial fossa
Cerebellum Cerebellum Site Posterior cranial fossa behind ponsCerebellum Cerebellum Site Posterior cranial fossa behind pons
Cerebellum External Configurations located in posterior cranial fossaCerebellum External Configurations located in posterior cranial fossa
POSTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND POSTERIOR PITUITARY HORMONES Posterior pituitaryPOSTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND POSTERIOR PITUITARY HORMONES Posterior pituitary
Temporal infratemporal fossae n n Temporal fossa extendsTemporal infratemporal fossae n n Temporal fossa extends
The Cranial Nerves Cranial Nerves Cranial nerves areThe Cranial Nerves Cranial Nerves Cranial nerves are
Cranial Bones Facial Bones Cranial Bones Cranial bonesCranial Bones Facial Bones Cranial Bones Cranial bones
Temporal Probabilistic Models Temporal Sequential Process A temporalTemporal Probabilistic Models Temporal Sequential Process A temporal
Temporal Planning with Temporal and Concurrent Actions TemporalTemporal Planning with Temporal and Concurrent Actions Temporal
LEBKA JAKO CELEK Fossa cranii anterior Fossa craniiLEBKA JAKO CELEK Fossa cranii anterior Fossa cranii
Infratemporal Fossa Boundaries of Infratemporal fossa Temporomandibular jointInfratemporal Fossa Boundaries of Infratemporal fossa Temporomandibular joint
35 Fossa infratemporalis et temporalis Fossa pterygopalatina Dvid35 Fossa infratemporalis et temporalis Fossa pterygopalatina Dvid
POPLITEAL FOSSA https rad washington edumuscleatlaspopliteus POPLITEAL FOSSAPOPLITEAL FOSSA https rad washington edumuscleatlaspopliteus POPLITEAL FOSSA
The Cubital Fossa The Cubital Fossa The cubitalThe Cubital Fossa The Cubital Fossa The cubital
The Cubital Fossa The Cubital Fossa The cubitalThe Cubital Fossa The Cubital Fossa The cubital
35 Fossa infratemporalis et temporalis Fossa pterygopalatina Dvid35 Fossa infratemporalis et temporalis Fossa pterygopalatina Dvid
Right Iliac Fossa Masses RIF RIGHT ILLIAC FOSSARight Iliac Fossa Masses RIF RIGHT ILLIAC FOSSA
Fetal Posterior Fossa Anomalileri Prof Dr Talat UmutFetal Posterior Fossa Anomalileri Prof Dr Talat Umut
LEBKA JAKO CELEK Fossa cranii anterior media posteriorLEBKA JAKO CELEK Fossa cranii anterior media posterior
Popliteal fossa Posterior compartment of leg Sole ofPopliteal fossa Posterior compartment of leg Sole of