MIDDLE COLONIES New York and New Jersey Mr

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MIDDLE COLONIES: New York and New Jersey Mr. Lauta American History

MIDDLE COLONIES: New York and New Jersey Mr. Lauta American History

ENGLAND THE COLONIES n In 1660 England had two groups of colonies in the

ENGLAND THE COLONIES n In 1660 England had two groups of colonies in the New World u In the North t Massachusetts t Rhode Island t Connecticut t New Hampshire u In the South t Maryland t Virginia

ENGLAND THE COLONIES n In 1624 Dutch West India Company was formed to trade

ENGLAND THE COLONIES n In 1624 Dutch West India Company was formed to trade in the Americas u Posts along the Hudson River grew into the colony of New Netherland (with New Amsterdam as its largest settlement) u Two years later, bought island of Manhattan from Native Americans for beads and other goods

ENGLAND THE COLONIES n n New Amsterdam thrived and became a major shipping and

ENGLAND THE COLONIES n n New Amsterdam thrived and became a major shipping and trading center New Amsterdam today is New York City

ENGLAND THE COLONIES n n To increase number of permanent settlers in New Netherland,

ENGLAND THE COLONIES n n To increase number of permanent settlers in New Netherland, large estates were given to those who brought at least 50 settlers to the area New arrivals from: u The Netherlands u Germany u Sweden u Finland

ENGLAND THE COLONIES n Wealthy landowners who received these estates were called patroons u

ENGLAND THE COLONIES n Wealthy landowners who received these estates were called patroons u Ruled like kings over their land u Charged farmers and workers rent

ENGLAND THE COLONIES n England wanted New Netherland u Excellent harbor u Trade u

ENGLAND THE COLONIES n England wanted New Netherland u Excellent harbor u Trade u Colony located between their New England Southern colonies

ENGLAND THE COLONIES n n Governor Peter Stuyvesant In 1664 England sent a fleet

ENGLAND THE COLONIES n n Governor Peter Stuyvesant In 1664 England sent a fleet to attack New Amsterdam Peter Stuyvesant was governor u Strict rules and heavy taxes turned people against him u Unprepared for a battle against England u Surrendered without a fight

NEW YORK n n English King Charles II gave colony to his brother, the

NEW YORK n n English King Charles II gave colony to his brother, the Duke of York who renamed it New York was a proprietary colony, a colony in which the owner, or proprietor, owned all the land controlled the government u Unlike New England colonies which were run by private corporations under a royal charter James, Duke of York

NEW YORK n n Duke of York promised religious freedom and allowed settlers of

NEW YORK n n Duke of York promised religious freedom and allowed settlers of the former New Netherland to keep their land u Most Dutch colonists stayed Later the Duke of York allowed colonists to form an elected legislature (or lawmaking body)

NEW JERSEY n n Duke of York gave the southern part of colony, between

NEW JERSEY n n Duke of York gave the southern part of colony, between the Hudson and Delaware Rivers, to Lord John Berkeley and Sir George Carteret Proprietors named their colony New Jersey

NEW JERSEY n n New Jersey attracted settlers u Offered land u Religious freedom

NEW JERSEY n n New Jersey attracted settlers u Offered land u Religious freedom u Trial by jury u Representative government Colony returned to King as a royal colony u Berkeley and Carteret did not make their expected profits from the land