Microscopes Compound Bright Field Light Microscope Maximum Useful

Microscopes • Compound Bright. Field Light Microscope • Maximum Useful Magnification = 1200 X • Why?

Resolution • Useful magnification is limited by Resolution • Resolution is influenced by Numerical Aperture (NA) • NA determined by Wavelength of Light and Refractive Index • Improve Magnification Shorten Wavelength Increase Refractive Index

Staining • Simple Stains • Light Microscope Colored Dye • Electron Microscope Electron Dense • Differential Stains Gram Stain

Gram Stain Most Important Stain Key Bacteriological Test Conventional Stain Multiple Steps & Subjective Fluorescent Stain One Step & +/-

Optical Tricks • Oil Immersion Lens • Dark Field Microscope

Other Microscopes Phase Contrast Microscopes

Fluorescent Microscopes

More Microscopes • Interference Contrast Microscope • Atomic Force Microscope

Confocal Scanning Laser Microscope

Electron Microscopes Shorten wavelength • Scanning Electron Microscope- SEM 3 Dimensional images

Transmission Electron Microscope • TEM • Better Resolution

Microscopes Word List Compound Staining Confocal Light Simple Scanning Microscope Differential Laser Bright-Field Gram Stain Electron Magnification Phase Microscope Resolution Contrast Transmission Numerical Dark-field Scanning Aperture Fluorescent Oil Interference Immersion Contrast