Microphysical and Radiative Properties of Tropical Clouds Results

Anvil and Turrets on 7/24 Aged Anvil Cirrus on 8/8 In Situ Cirrus on

Decrease in Number Concentration, Extinction and Mass Across a TC 4 Anvil from DC-8

TWP-ICE ~ 100 km Downwind ~ 300 km Downwind

Examples of Crystal Chains Formed in Continental Anvils With High Electric Fields (Connolly et

Comparison of Cloud Radiative Heating Profiles ØMitchell MADA Code used to Compute Optical Properties

Comparison of Cloud Radiative Heating Profiles

Summary cc-1 ext Km-1 IWC g m-3 0. 1 0. 5 0. 01 0.

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Microphysical and Radiative Properties of Tropical Clouds Results from TC 4 and NAMMA Paul Lawson and Brad Baker (SPEC) Eric Jensen (NASA ARC), David Mitchell (Dri)

Anvil and Turrets on 7/24 Aged Anvil Cirrus on 8/8 In Situ Cirrus on 7/22

Decrease in Number Concentration, Extinction and Mass Across a TC 4 Anvil from DC-8 In Situ Data at FL 370 on 24 July 2008

Jensen et al. (2009)

TWP-ICE ~ 100 km Downwind ~ 300 km Downwind

Examples of Crystal Chains Formed in Continental Anvils With High Electric Fields (Connolly et al. 2005 - QJRMS)

Comparison of Cloud Radiative Heating Profiles ØMitchell MADA Code used to Compute Optical Properties (SSA, g, ext) from 2 D-S Area and Mass PSD’s ØOptical Properties fed into Toon et al. (1989) Two-Stream Radiative Transfer Code to Compute Heating Rates.

Comparison of Cloud Radiative Heating Profiles

Summary cc-1 ext Km-1 IWC g m-3 0. 1 0. 5 0. 01 0. 5 0. 1 1 0. 03 2 0. 5 15 0. 5 25 5 50 1. 5 500 Conc. In Situ Cirrus: Aged Anvil Cirrus: Fresh Anvil Cirrus: Convective Turrets: Ø CVI and 2 D-S IWC Agree to Within About 20% in the mean. Ø Average Microphysical Properties are Similar from one Tropical Maritime Region (TC 4) to Another (NAMMA) Ø Significant Microphysical Variability (i. e. , Particle Concentration, bext, IWC, Particle Shape) Exists Within a Region on scales from Tens to Thousands of Kilometers, however, Particles from about 100 to 400 m Dominate Extinction and IWC in all Cloud Types. Ø Two-Stream Radiative Transfer Model (Toon 1989) gives Cloud Heating Rates using Actual In Situ Measurements.