Microbiology Tests What do They Mean Shawna Dereemer

Microbiology Tests What do They Mean? Shawna Dereemer, MT(ASCP) Interim Laboratory Administrator Laboratory Preparedness Supervisor

Objectives • Summarize various microbiology testing methods • List components of a laboratory report • Interpret various microbiological test results • Summarize antibiotic susceptibility testing and results

Wyoming Public Health Laboratory

Infectious Disease • Bacterial • Viral • Parasitic

Supporting Laboratory Results • Viral • Identification of virus • Normal or Decreased WBC Count • Increased Lymphocyte Count • Parasitic • Identification of parasite • Increased Eosinophil Count • Bacterial • • • Identification of bacteria Increased WBC Count Increased Neutrophil Count Left-shift in Neutrophil Cell Line Increased CRP Increased Sed-Rate

Laboratory Reports

Bacterial Culture • Grow and isolate bacteria • Various media • Identify a pathogen • Pros • Identify the isolate • Very specific • Cons • Lengthy • Normal flora

Biochemical Testing

Identification

Microbiology Standards

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing • Determine antibiotic susceptibility or resistance P. aeruginosa Ceftazidime 19 mm Intermediate

Antimicrobial Susceptibility testing

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing P. aeruginosa 0. 125 mg/dl Susceptible

Antimicrobial Susceptibility testing

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Molecular Testing • DNA Probes • DNA Sequencing • Nucleic Acid Sequencing (16 s) • Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS or NGS) • Nucleic Acid Amplification Testing (NAAT) • Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) • Ligase Chain Reaction (LCR) • Transcription Mediated Amplification (TMA)

PCR

DNA Sequencing (16 s) • Unusual isolates • Automated instrumentation will not identify • Low confidence levels

Whole Genome Sequencing

Nucleic Acid Amplification Testing (NAAT) • Chlamydia/Gonorrhea testing • M. tuberculosis testing

Virology • PCR • No culture isolation

Parasitology

Immunology/Serology • Chlamydia/GC testing • HIV • Hepatitis B & C

Immunology/Serology • Quantaferon (IGRA) • MMR status (measles, mumps and rubella) • Varicella (chicken pox) • Syphilis (RPR)

Water Lab • EPA Water Lab • Total Coliform • E. coli • New environmental testing coming soon

Questions

Contact Information Shawna Dereemer, MT(ASCP) Interim Laboratory Administrator Laboratory Preparedness Supervisor shawna. Dereemer@wyo. gov 307 -777 -3735

References • M 100 Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, 28 th Edition, January 2018.