MGT 211 Introduction to Business Lecture 20 Use

MGT 211 Introduction to Business Lecture 20

Use of Hierarchy in Motivation Self Esteem n Worth of human beings. n These include: Designation of Individuals. n Status in the organization. n Recognition of employees in the organization. n n Self esteem has direct relationship with productivity.

Use of Hierarchy in Motivation Self Esteem n Various techniques can be used to make self esteem of employees high. These can be: Finding titles for employees n Recognition n Awards n Cash rewards n Increment in the salary n Promotion n Raising status of employees n

Use of Hierarchy in Motivation Self Actualization n Fullest utilization of one’s potential. n These include: High Challenges n High position in the organization n

Criticism on Maslow’s hierarchy theory n It is possible that human needs may deviate from the order given by Maslow. n There is a question mark whether needs finish after self actualization or not.

Two Factor Theory or Hygiene theory n Hertzberg presented this theory by taking the phenomenon of human hygiene. n Two factors work in the organization: Hygiene factors n Motivators n n Factors required to keep employees in the organization are called hygiene factors. n Factors used to get high productivity from workers are called motivators.

Two Factor Theory or Hygiene theory n Hygiene factors fall with the biological needs, safety needs and partially with social needs of Maslow’s hierarchy theory. n Motivators are almost similar to social needs, Self esteem needs and self actualization needs of Maslow’s hierarchy theory. n Both factors should be present in the organization at the same time to get productivity from workers.

Expectancy Theory n People in the organization are motivated with: n Expectations about reward. n Assurance of getting reward by doing a particular task.

Equity Theory n Equivalence in inputs and outcomes. n Inputs of employees in an organization are: n Level of education n Skills n Experience n Reputation n Hard work n Connections

Equity Theory n Outcomes of employees in an organization are: Salaries n Designations n Promotions n Benefits n Social Status n Respect in the organization n Opportunities n

Equity Theory n Individual will also compare his input/outcome with other individual’s input/outcome.

How can Equity Theory be implemented? n Managers have to explain reasons for the difference of outcomes of employees in order to keep them motivated. n People compare their rewards with the market as well.