Metric System Notes Metric System SI SI Systems
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Metric System Notes Metric System
SI • • SI = Systems International or Metric System It is the universal language of scientist It is based on units of ten It measures length, volume, mass, weight, density, and temperature
Prefixes • • Milli 1000 Centi 100 Deci 10 Base 1 Deca. 1 Hecto. 01 Kilo. 001 The base is whatever you are measuring, such as if you were measuring length, your base would be meters. As you decrease, your unit will have bigger numbers. 1 kilo equals 1, 000 milli.
Length • Basic unit of length is the meter • Measures the distance between two points • Light-year measures long distances in space ( 9. 5 trillion kilometers)
• • • • Inches (in) Feet (ft) Yards (yd) Miles (mi) Square inches (in 2) Square feet (ft 2) Square yards (yd 2) Acres Cubic feet (ft 3) Cords (cd) Quarts (lq) (qt) Gallons (gal) Ounces (avdp) (oz) Pounds (avdp) (lb) Horsepower (hp) x x x x 2. 54 = centimeters. 3 = meters. 9 = meters 1. 6 = kilometers 6. 5 = square centimeters. 1 = square meters. 8 = square meters. 4 = hectares. 03 = cubic meters 3. 6 = cubic meters. 9 = liters. 004 = liters 28. 4 = grams. 5 = kilograms. 7 = kilowatts Conversions
Volume • Amount of space an object takes up • Basic unit of liquids or irregularly shaped objects is the Liter • Basic unit of regularly shaped solids is the cubic centimeter (1 cm cubed is equal to a milliliter) • How to measure density
Mass • Measure of the amount of matter in an object • Basic unit is the kilogram
Weight • Measure of the attraction between two objects due to gravity (like you and the earth) • Gravity is the force of attraction • Basic unit of weight is the Newton (N) • Newton is the measure of force and weight is the amount of force the Earth’s Gravity exerts on an object.
Weight • An object with a mass of 1 kilogram is pulled toward the Earth with a force of 9. 8 newtons. An object with a mass of 50 kilograms is pulled toward the Earth with a force of 50 X 9. 8, or 490 newtons. What is your weight on Earth? ______ (your weight) X 9. 8 = ______ N • You weigh less on top of a mountain than at sea level. (You are further away from the center of the earth on a mountain)
Density • Scientist need to compare substances based on their mass and volume. The relationship between mass and volume is called density. • It is defined as mass per unit volume of a substance • Formula of Density = Mass divided by volume • Density of water is 1 g/cm 3
Density • Objects with a density greater than water will sink • Objects with a density less than water will float • Density of solids is g/cm
Temperature • Basic unit is Celsius scale • Water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees • Body temperature is 37 degrees and room temperature is about 21 degrees • Fahrenheit to Celsius formula = Multiply Celsius by 9, divide by 5, then add 32
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