METHODS OF ORGANIZATION FOR MEMOIRS CHRONOLOGICAL chronological arrangement

CHRONOLOGICAL • chronological arrangement follows a time pattern • E. g. Barack Obama 1.

SPATIAL • spatial arrangement follows a directional pattern • E. g. Barack Obama has

CAUSE-EFFECT • Cause-Effect arrangements are casually organized and show a cause-effect relationship • Cause

PROBLEM-SOLUTION • Problem-Solution arrangements are divided into two main parts: • First, describe the

TOPICAL • Topical arrangement divides the main topic into subtopics • E. g. There

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METHODS OF ORGANIZATION FOR MEMOIRS

CHRONOLOGICAL • chronological arrangement follows a time pattern • E. g. Barack Obama 1. 2. 3. Obama was born in Hawaii in 1961. His parents divorced when he was two years old His mother remarried when he was six years old.

SPATIAL • spatial arrangement follows a directional pattern • E. g. Barack Obama has lived all over the world • Obama was born is Hawaii • He moved to Jakarta when he was six • At age 10, he moved back to Hawaii

CAUSE-EFFECT • Cause-Effect arrangements are casually organized and show a cause-effect relationship • Cause first, effect second • E. g. At his school in Hawaii, he was one of only three Black students, this made him conscious of racism. • Effect first, cause second • E. g. In 2003, Obama was elected the Senator of Illinois. His interest in politics began shortly after his graduation from law school when he began working as a civil rights lawyer. He also worked to increase social programs in Chicago. In 1992, he was an organizer of voter registration drives during Bill Clinton’s campaign.

PROBLEM-SOLUTION • Problem-Solution arrangements are divided into two main parts: • First, describe the problem and its seriousness. • Second, provide the solution to the problem. • E. g. In 2000, Obama made an attempt to get onto the Democratic ticket during the primary, but was unsuccessful. This fuelled his desire to have more influence in Washington. He has been one of the biggest opponents of Iraq since it began and has received a lot of attention for his strong opposition of it. In 2004, he was invited to deliver a speech at the Democratic National Convention in support of John Kerry. This speech received a lot of attention and helped to proper him onto the national stage. In 2008, he defeated Hillary Clinton to run as the Democratic nominee for president.

TOPICAL • Topical arrangement divides the main topic into subtopics • E. g. There are many people who have influenced Barack Obama’s political career. • Mother • Maternal Grandmother • His wife