Methods of Birth Control Contraception Choices now affect

Methods of Birth Control Contraception Choices now affect life later……

Abstinence DESCRIPTION: A deliberate decision to avoid harmful behaviors including sexual activity, drugs, and alcohol. EFFECTIVENESS: 100% effective SIDE EFFECTS: You won’t have to worry about getting pregnant or getting a sexually transmitted infection. And you won’t be loaded down with a relationship that can get difficult, etc. WHERE TO GET IT: You’ve got it! “NO” is one of the first words you ever learned. Takes self-respect, character, maturity, etc.

Can a couple have a healthy, loving relationship without sex? Why or Why not?

Should schools teach about birth control? Does this discussion encourage students to become sexually active? Why or Why not?

Does our society seem to respect abstinence as an acceptable option for males and females?

Are males more pressured to be sexually active? Why or Why not?

If a person has already engaged in sexual activity, is it too late for him or her to decide that abstinence is the right choice? Why or Why not?

Is a female more responsible for birth control because she can suffer greater consequences? Does a male share equal responsibility? Why or Why not?

Do you think people respect those who are principled and stand up for their values? (what they believe in) Why or Why not?

4 Major Types of Birth Control (Contraception) • Family Awareness Method – Natural. No intercourse certain days of the month. • Barrier Method – Prevent sperm from reaching egg (some STI/STD protection) • Hormonal Method – Females only. Prevent ovulation • Permanent Method – The Vas Deferens or Fallopian Tubes are cut and cauterized.

Withdrawal (Pulling Out) DESCRIPTION: A man who uses withdrawal will pull his penis out of the vagina before ejaculation — the moment when semen leaves penis. EFFECTIVENESS: VERY LOW! SIDE EFFECTS: High risk of pregnancy, STIs and HIV/AIDS WHERE TO GET IT: N/A

Fertility Awareness Method Family Planning DESCRIPTION: Natural methods that require a lot of self-control from both partners. The Billings Method: checking cervical mucus to determine women’s fertile period based on changes in vaginal discharge that occur just before she’s fertile. EFFECTIVENESS: 82%-97%. Pretty risky. Calendar method. SIDE EFFECTS: No side effects, but no protection against sexually transmitted disease either. Natural Family Planning demands trust, communication, and a supportive relationship. WHERE TO GET IT: Clinics or medical professionals offer instruction in the Billings Method.

Male Condom DESCRIPTION: Thin sheath of latex or polyurethane (should be lubricated with a strong spermicide) worn over the erect penis to catch semen. A physical barrier to the passage of sperm into the vagina. EFFECTIVENESS: 85%-98% if used correctly every time. More effective if used with spermicide SIDE EFFECTS: If either partner is allergic try another brand. A condom should be used even if she is on the pill, has a IUD, a Norplant, uses Depo Provera, is wearing a diaphragm, or if he has had a vasectomy to help protect against STIs. WHERE TO GET IT: Condoms are available at family planning and medical clinics, drug stores, supermarkets, in dispensers in bathrooms, or on Internet.

Male Condom

Female Condom DESCRIPTION: Pre-lubricated pouch with open ring at one end, closed ring at other. Closed ring anchored between cervix and vagina, open ring just outside body. EFFECTIVENESS: 79%-95% effective if used perfectly. SIDE EFFECTS: No. If you are allergic, ask your health care provider for suggestions. WHERE TO GET IT: Condoms and pouches are available at family planning and medical clinics, drug stores, in dispensers in men’s and women’s bathrooms, by mail or on internet.

Female Condom

Spermicides DESCRIPTION: Foams, jellies, creams, and tablets are non-prescription. EFFECTIVENESS: 72%-94% effective if used perfectly. 98% effective when using a condom. Must be applied 5 to 90 minutes before intercourse. SIDE EFFECTS: Allergy possible. If you experience vaginal, penile, or bladder irritation, use another form of birth control. WHERE TO GET IT: Drug store, family planning or medical clinic. No medical exam or prescription needed. Lots of contraceptives on drug store shelves.

Types of Spermicide

The Sponge DESCRIPTION: Disc shaped polyurethane device that contains spermicide EFFECTIVENESS: 82% effective if used perfectly. 98% effective when using a condom. SIDE EFFECTS: Must be placed in the vagina prior to sexual contact and continues to work up to 24 hours. Must not be removed for at least 6 hours after sexual activity WHERE TO GET IT: Drug store, family planning or medical clinic. No medical exam or prescription needed. Lots of contraceptives on drug store shelves.

Diaphragm Cervical Cap DESCRIPTION: The diaphragm and cervical cap are barrier birth control devices tailored to fit over the cervix to prevent sperm from entering the uterus. Caps come in different sizes and have different instructions and can be left in place twice as long. EFFECTIVENESS: Cervical Cap: 80%-90% effective before child birth, 60%-80% effective after. Diaphragm: 80%-94% if used perfectly. Weight changes damages effectiveness. Get professional advice. SIDE EFFECTS: None unless spermicide causes irritation. If it does, change to another brand of spermicide. Using a diaphragm or cap alone won’t protect you from getting HIV or other STIs. WHERE TO GET IT: Available from a health care professional or clinic. Low cost fitting and instruction at family planning clinics.

The Birth Control Pill DESCRIPTION: Hormone pills that, taken correctly create changes in the female body that prevent pregnancy. The pill is made of synthetic hormones almost like those produced by the ovaries. You need a prescription. Take the pill, as prescribed, at the same time every day whether or not you have sex because it’s the action of the pills that protects you from pregnancy. EFFECTIVENESS: 95%-99% effective if used perfectly. SIDE EFFECTS: Positive- Regular periods, less anemia, less cramping, less benign breast disease. May protect against some forms of cancer. Negative- (Normally disappear within 3 months) May include nausea, spotting, missed periods, headaches, mood changes, dark skin areas. Major but rare: blood clots, high blood pressure, gall bladder disease, heart attacks, liver tumors. WHERE TO GET IT: By prescription. Family planning clinics. Doctor.

The Birth Control Pill

Skin Patch DESCRIPTION: Contraceptives, adhesive skin patch, about 2¾ inch square, applied once a week to one of four places. Contraceptive material in patch enters blood stream to protect against pregnancy. EFFECTIVENESS: If used correctly patch is as effective as the contraceptive pill, 95%-99%. SIDE EFFECTS: Positive- Regular periods, less anemia, less cramping. May protect against some forms of cancer. Negative- (Normally disappear within 3 months) May include nausea, spotting, missed periods, headaches, mood changes, dark skin areas. Major but rare: blood clots, high blood pressure, gall bladder disease, heart attacks, liver tumors. WHERE TO GET IT: By prescription. Low cost or no cost at many family planning clinics.

Skin patch

Vaginal Contraceptive Ring DESCRIPTION: The vaginal ring is a small, flexible ring a woman inserts into her vagina once a month to prevent pregnancy. It is left in place for three weeks and taken out for the remaining week each month. The hormones that are released work by keeping a woman’s ovaries from releasing eggs. EFFECTIVENESS: 99% effective if used correctly. SIDE EFFECTS: Most women can use Nuva. Ring safely. But all medications have some risks, so safety is a concern when choosing a birth control method. Serious side effects of the ring, though rare, may be more likely if you have certain conditions. Some of these conditions may even rule out using the ring. Talk with your health care provider to find out if the ring is likely to be safe for you. WHERE TO GET IT: First, you’ll need to get a prescription. Your health care provider will discuss your medical history with you and give you any other medical exam that you may need.

Injectable (Depo Provera) DESCRIPTION: Depo Provera is given as a shot that protects you from pregnancy. The shots must be given at specific times by medical professionals. Injectables contain chemical similar to hormone released from ovaries during menstrual cycle. They work by preventing eggs from being released and fertilized. Female receives an injection every three months to prevent ovulation EFFECTIVENESS: 99. 7% SIDE EFFECTS: Irregular menstrual bleeding at first, then little or no menstruation, with longer periods, spotting between periods or skipped periods. Possible changes in hair distribution, headaches, and weight gain. Check with your health provider if you experience any unusual symptoms. Major but rare: blood clots, depression. Some IUDs may cause heavy menstrual flow; others, no flow. May cause cramps or other irritation as body tries to reject IUD. Expect heavy menstrual periods the first few months. WHERE TO GET IT: Medical Professional or family planning clinic. Pricey but protection lasts longer than some other methods. You will be asked to sign a consent form and return for a follow up clinic visit.

Contraceptive Injection

Contraceptive Implants DESCRIPTION: Thin rod placed under the skin on the upper arm by a nurse or doctor. EFFECTIVENESS: 97. 4%-99% effective. SIDE EFFECTS: The device can last three years. Expect heavy menstrual periods the first few months. Not recommended for women who are overweight or on medication. It may cause ovarian cysts, depression, hair loss, nausea, and changes in menstrual cycle. WHERE TO GET IT: Medical Professional or family planning clinic.

Contraceptive Implants

Vascectomy DESCRIPTION: Sterilization procedure form males in which each vas deferens is cut and sealed EFFECTIVENESS: 99. 9%+ effective. SIDE EFFECTS: The male will need 15 -20 ejaculations to be totally free from sperm. (semen analysis done by doctor). The procedure carries some risk of pain, bleeding, and infection WHERE TO GET IT: Medical Professional or family planning clinic.

Tubal Ligation DESCRIPTION: Sterilization procedure for females in which the fallopian tubes are cut and tied or clamped to prevent sperm from reaching the ova EFFECTIVENESS: 99. 5%+ effective. SIDE EFFECTS: Very involved procedure that may involve a hospital stay. Complications may include cramps, heavier periods, pelvic pain, cannot reverse procedure. No protection against STD’s. WHERE TO GET IT: Medical Professional.

Interuterine Device-IUD DESCRIPTION: Small plastic or metal device inserted in uterus by a medical professional. Nylon thread attached for easy checking. EFFECTIVENESS: 97. 4%-99% effective. SIDE EFFECTS: Irregular menstrual bleeding at first, then little or no menstruation, with longer periods, spotting between periods or skipped periods. Possible changes in hair distribution, headaches, and weight gain. Check with your health provider if you experience any unusual symptoms. Major but rare: blood clots, depression. Some IUDs may cause heavy menstrual flow; others, no flow. May cause cramps or other irritation as body tries to reject IUD. Expect heavy menstrual periods the first few months. WHERE TO GET IT: Medical Professional or family planning clinic. Pricey but protection lasts longer than some other methods. You will be asked to sign a consent form and return for a follow up clinic visit.

THINK BEFORE YOU ACTLIFE IS ALL ABOUT COICES!! Power. Point created by Mr. Wierzbicki 2014 – Health Ed. Minor edits by Canfield