Metformin Alters Locomotor and Cognitive Function and Brain

Metformin Alters Locomotor and Cognitive Function and Brain Metabolism in Normoglycemic Mice Li Wenjun, Chaudhari Kiran, Shetty Ritu, Winters Ali, Gao Xiaofei, Hu Zeping, Ge Woo-Ping, Sumien Nathalie, Forster Michael, Liu Ran, Yang Shao-Hua 1 Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience University of North Texas Health Science Centre, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA. 2 Children&#x 00027; s Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA 3 Department of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology &#x 00026; Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA Figure 6. Metformin treatment decreased ATP level and activated AMPK in the hippocampus of young male normoglycemic mice. A) ATP assay of mouse hippocampus lysate after 7 -day treatment with metformin. ATP level was normalized to protein concentration (n=4). B) Representative and quantitative analysis Western blots of total and phosphorylated AMPK&#x 003 B 1; , TSC 2 and Raptor in hippocampus of metformin treated (MET) and control Aging and Disease, 2019, 10(5), 949 -963. DOI: 10. 14336/AD. 2019. 0120 (CTL) mice (n=4) (&#x 0002 A; p &#x 0003 C; 0. 05). C) Western blot analysis of phosphorylation of total and phosphorylated ERK in hippocampus of metformin treated (MET) and control (CTL) mice (n=4) (&#x 0002 A; , p &#x 0003 C; 0. 05).