METARTAF YOUR NEW AVIATION WEATHER FORMAT Downloaded from

METAR/TAF YOUR “NEW” AVIATION WEATHER FORMAT Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Z NEW METAR/TAF CODES BECOME EFFECTIVE Beginning Oct 1996 Z MILITARY BASES CURRENTLY USING SIMILAR FORMAT Downloaded from www. avhf. com

What is METAR/TAF? Downloaded from www. avhf. com

ZMETAR AVIATION ROUTINE WEATHER REPORTS ZTAF AERODROME FORECASTS Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF Z SIGNIFICANT CODE CHANGES FOR METAR Z ELEMENTS PRESENTED IN A DIFFERENT ORDER Downloaded from www. avhf. com

To help remember the sequence, think of 3 W’s at the beginning. . . Where, When, and Wind KPIT 201955 Z 22015 G 25 KT This works for METAR as well as TAF! Downloaded from www. avhf. com

The body of METAR WIND / VISIBILITY / WEATHER / SKY CONDITION Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Current U. S. SA PIT SA 1955 E 10 OVC 3 /4 TRW 64/60/2215 G 25/992/ R 28 RVR 2600 1996 U. S. METAR KPIT 201955 Z 22015 G 25 KT 3/4 SM R 28 R/2600 FT TSRA OVC 010 CB 18/16 A 2992 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF Z Visibility - Annotated by Statute Miles Z Weather Phenomena -SHSN +SHRA Z Present 2 Letter Weather Code Dropped Z Cloud Types Identified only if CB or TCU Z V V - Replaces Indefinite Ceiling Downloaded from www. avhf. com Z V V 001 Same as Old W 1 X 0 F

METAR/TAF Z ALL TEMPERATURES AND DEWPOINTS WILL BE IN CELSIUS Ô ALL TEMPERATURES IN 2 DIGITS Ô BELOW ZERO TEMPS INDICATED BY “M” EXAMPLE: 02/M 03 Z ALTIMETER ANNOTATED BY “A” EXAMPLE: A 2992 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF Current SAO PIT SA 1955 M 10 OVC 3/4 TRW 132/59/52/2215 G 25/992/ R 28 RRVR 2600 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF METAR KPIT 201955 Z 22015 G 25 KT 3/4 SM R 28 R/2600 FT TSRA OVC 010 CB 18/16 A 2992 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF OK, LET’S TEST FLY METAR ! Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF ZMETAR KPIT 201955 Z 22015 G 25 KT 3/4 SM R 28 R/2600 FT TSRA OVC 010 CB 18/16 A 2992 Explanation: Routine Hourly Observation Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF ZSPECI KPIT 201955 Z 22015 G 25 KT 3/4 SM R 28 R/2600 FT TSRA OVC 010 CB 18/16 A 2992 Explanation: Special or Record Special Report Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAR ZMETAR KPIT 201955 Z 22015 G 25 KT 3/4 SM R 28 R/2600 FT TSRA OVC 010 CB 18/16 A 2992 Explanation: Reporting Point Using Four Letters Domestic U. S. Begins With “K” Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF ZMETAR KPIT 201955 Z 22015 G 25 KT 3/4 SM R 28 R/2600 FT TSRA OVC 010 CB 18/16 A 2992 Explanation: Observation taken on 20 thday of month, at 1955 UTC (Zulu) Time always in 4 digits Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF ZMETAR KPIT 201955 Z 22015 G 25 KT 3/4 SM R 28 R/2600 FT TSRA OVC 010 CB 18/16 A 2992 Explanation: Surface winds from 220 degrees at 15 Knots Gusting to 25 Knots Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF Z Calm winds indicated by: 00000 KT Z 22015 KT 180 V 260 - When wind direction varies 60 degrees or more and wind is greater than 6 Knots Z VRB - When wind direction is variable and speed less than or equal to 6 knots Z RMK - Peak wind data reported in remarks Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF ZMETAR KPIT 201955 Z 22015 G 25 KT 3/4 SM R 28 R/2600 FT TSRA OVC 010 CB 18/16 A 2992 Explanation: Visibility is 3/4 STATUTE MILES - Note annotation of “SM” Miles and fractions are also Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF ZMETAR KPIT 201955 Z 22015 G 25 KT 3/4 SM R 28 R/2600 FT TSRA OVC 010 CB 18/16 A 2992 Explanation: For Runway 28 Right, The RVR is Reported as 2600 Feet Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF Z More visibility codes you may see: Z “M” - Indicates RVR is less than lowest reportable sensor value (M 600 FT) Z “P” - Indicates RVR is greater than reportable sensor value (P 6000 FT) Z “V” - Indicates RVR is variable (R 06 L/2000 V 4000 FT) - Runway 6 L RVR is variable between 2000 feet and 4000 feet Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF ZMETAR KPIT 201955 Z 22015 G 25 KT 3/4 SM R 28 R/2600 FT TSRA OVC 010 CB 18/16 A 2992 Explanation: Thunderstorms and Rainshowers of Moderate Intensity at the time of observation Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF Z Significant Weather Codes: Z Format is a two letter character descriptor : (TS, SH, FZ, etc. . . ) Z Followed by a two character weather phenomenon ( RA, SN, FG, etc. . . ) Z All codes in the abbreviation section of METAR/TAF Booklet Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF ZCloud height is reported in hundreds of feet. ZWhen clouds are towering cumulus or cumulonimbus, TCU or CB will follow cloud heights. Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF ZClouds are categorized based on eights (octas) of sky cover. SKC - SKY CLEAR Z FEW Z SCT Z BKN Z OVC - 1 -2 OCTAS 3 -4 OCTAS 5 -7 OCTAS 8 OCTAS Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF ZMETAR KPIT 201955 Z 22015 G 25 KT 3/4 SM R 28 R/2600 FT TSRA OVC 010 CB 18/16 A 2992 Explanation: Overcast Cloud Deck at 1000 Feet with Cumulonimbus Clouds Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF ZMETAR KPIT 201955 Z 22015 G 25 KT 3/4 SM R 28 R/2600 FT TSRA OVC 010 CB 18/16 A 2992 Explanation: Temperature is 18 Celsius, Dew Point is 16 Z Below Zero Reported With Minus as “M 06” Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF ZMETAR KPIT 201955 Z 22015 G 25 KT 3/4 SM R 28 R/2600 FT TSRA OVC 010 CB 18/16 A 2992 Explanation: Altimeter Setting - Now Four Digits In U. S. “A” Indicates Inches of Mercury. “Q” is Metric Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF Z TAF’s Exclude Temperature, Turbulence and Icing Forecast Z TAF AMD - Amended Forecast Z NSW - No Significant Weather Z SKC - Clear Skies Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF ZOKAY, LETS TRY A SHORT QUIZ ON METAR ! Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF METAR KATL 101050 Z 00000 KT 15 SM SKC 26/18 A 3021 ZEasy, Right ? Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Current U. S. SA DTW SA 1050 5 SCT 10 SCT E 18 BKN 25 OVC 7/8 SW 10/03/3115 G 27/937 1996 INTERNATIONAL METAR EGLL 151050 Z 31015 G 27 KT 280 V 350 1400 SW 6000 N R 24 LP 1500 +SHRA SCT 005 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR ASOS/AWOS METAR KOWA 251955 Z AUTO 31008 10 SM FEW 015 SCT 025 05/M 05 A 2992 RMK AO 2 SLP 013 T 00471054 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

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METAR/TAF ZTAF’s are scheduled for issuance four times daily at 00 Z, 06 Z, 12 Z, and 18 Z. ZTAF, contains a definitive forecast for specific time periods and will replace the Terminal Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Current U. S. FT PIT 091818 C 20 BKN 3 RW. 20 Z C 15 OVC 3 RW OCNL C 8 OVC 1/2 TRW. 23 Z C 20 BKN 40 OVC 5 RW CHC 1 RF. 10 Z C 20 OVC 5 R-. 13 Z CLR. . . Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF KPIT 091720 Z 091818 22020 KT 3 SM -SHRA BKN 020 FM 2000 30015 G 25 KT 3 SM SHRA OVC 015 PROB 40 2022 1/2 SM TSRA OVC 008 CB. . FM 2300 27008 KT 5 SM -SHRA BKN 020 OVC 040 TEMPO 0407 00000 KT 1 SM -RA FG. . FM 1000 22010 KT 5 SM -SHRA OVC 020. . Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF KPIT 091720 Z 091818 22020 KT 3 SM -SHRA BKN 020 FM 2000 30015 G 25 KT 3 SM SHRA OVC 015 PROB 40 2022 1/2 SM TSRA OVC 008 CB. . FM 2300 27008 KT 5 SM -SHRA BKN 020 OVC 040 TEMPO 0407 00000 KT 1 SM -RA FG. . FM 1000 22010 KT 5 SM -SHRA OVC 020. . BECMG 1315 20010 KT P 6 SM NSW SKC THE SECRET: Break it down by time frames! Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF HOW TO IDENTIFY THE TIME FRAMES: FM 2000 - Fro. M and 4 -digit group, hour and minute : indicates significant change. PROB 40 2022 - PROBability of condition during 2 -digit beginning and 2 -digit Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF HOW TO IDENTIFY THE TIME FRAMES: TEMPO 0407 - TEMPOrary, changes expected for less than 1 hour at a time. BECMG 1315 - BECo. Min. G, changes expected during 2 digit beginning and 2 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF KPIT 091720 Z 091818 Z Explanation: Pittsburgh, PA, Terminal Forecast Issued on the 9 th at 17: 20 Z and Valid from Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF KPIT 091720 Z 091818 22020 KT 3 SM -SHRA BKN 020 FM 2000 30015 G 25 KT 3 SM SHRA OVC 015 PROB 40 2022 1/2 SM TSRA OVC 008 CB. . FM 2300 27008 KT 5 SM -SHRA BKN 020 OVC 040 TEMPO 0407 00000 KT 1 SM -RA FG. . FM 1000 22010 KT 5 SM -SHRA OVC 020. . BECMG 1315 20010 KT P 6 SM Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF 091818 22020 KT 3 SM -SHRA BKN 020 TAF KPIT 091720 Z FM 2000 30015 G 25 KT 3 SM SHRA OVC 015 PROB 40 2022 1/2 SM TSRA OVC 008 CB. . FM 2300 27008 KT 5 SM -SHRA BKN 020 OVC 040 TEMPO 0407 00000 KT 1 SM -RA FG. . FM 1000 22010 KT 5 SM -SHRA OVC 020. . Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF 1818 22020 KT 3 SM SHRA BKN 020 Z Explanation: From the Beginning of the Forecast period (18: 00 Z) Until the Next Time Frame, the Forecast Winds 220 Degrees at 20 Knots, Visibility 3 Statue Miles, in Light Rain Showers with a Broken Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF KPIT 091720 Z 091818 22020 KT 3 SM -SHRA BKN 020 FM 2000 30015 G 25 KT 3 SM SHRA OVC 015 PROB 40 2022 1/2 SM TSRA OVC 008 CB. . FM 2300 27008 KT 5 SM -SHRA BKN 020 OVC 040 TEMPO 0407 00000 KT 1 SM -RA FG. . FM 1000 22010 KT 5 SM -SHRA OVC 020. . BECMG 1315 20010 KT P 6 SM NSW SKC Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF FM 2000 30015 G 25 KT 3 SM SHRA OVC 015 PROB 40 2022 1/2 SM TSRA OVC 008 CB. . Z Explanation: The First Part, From 2000 Z, Forecast Winds From 300 Degrees at 15 Knots Gusting to 25 Knots, Visibility 3 Statue Miles in Moderate Rain Showers, With an Overcast Ceiling at 1500 Feet. Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF FM 2000 30015 G 25 KT 3 SM SHRA OVC 015 PROB 40 2022 1/2 SM TSRA OVC 008 CB. . Z Explanation: The Second Part, Between, 20 Z and 22 Z, Forecasts a Probability of the Visibility Going Down to 1/2 Statue Mile in Thunder Storms and Moderate Rain Showers With the Ceiling Lowering to 800 Feet with Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF KPIT 091720 Z 091818 22020 KT 3 SM -SHRA BKN 020 FM 2000 30015 G 25 KT 3 SM SHRA OVC 015 PROB 40 2022 1/2 SM TSRA OVC 008 CB. . FM 2300 27008 KT 5 SM -SHRA BKN 020 OVC 040 TEMPO 0407 00000 KT 1 SM -RA FG. . FM 1000 22010 KT 5 SM -SHRA OVC 020. . BECMG 1315 20010 KT P 6 SM NSW SKC Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF FM 2300 27008 KT 5 SM -SHRA BKN 020 OVC 040 TEMPO 0407 00000 KT 1 SM -RA FG. . ZRemember Time Frames? There are two Within This Example. Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF FM 2300 27008 KT 5 SM -SHRA BKN 020 OVC 040 TEMPO 0407 00000 KT 1 SM -RA FG. . Explanation: From 2300 Z Until 1000 Z the Winds are Expected to be From 270 Degrees at 8 Knots, Visibility 5 Statue Miles in Light Rain Showers, With a Broken Ceiling at 2000 Feet and Overcast Ceiling Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF FM 2300 27008 KT 5 SM -SHRA BKN 020 OVC 040 TEMPO 0407 00000 KT 1 SM -RA FG. . Explanation: Between 04 Z and 07 Z the Forecast Calls for Calm Winds, Visibility Temporarily Decreasing to 1 Statue Mile in Light Rain and Fog. Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF KPIT 091720 Z 091818 22020 KT 3 SM -SHRA BKN 020 FM 2000 30015 G 25 KT 3 SM SHRA OVC 015 PROB 40 2022 1/2 SM TSRA OVC 008 CB. . FM 2300 27008 KT 5 SM -SHRA BKN 020 OVC 040 TEMPO 0407 00000 KT 1 SM -RA FG. . FM 1000 22010 KT 5 SM -SHRA OVC 020. . BECMG 1315 Downloaded 20010 KT P 6 SM NSW SKC from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF FM 1000 22010 KT 5 SM -SHRA OVC 020. . Z Explanation: From 1000 Z (Until 1800 Z) the Forecast Calls for Winds From 220 Degrees at 10 Knots, Visibility 5 Statute Miles in Light Rain Showers, With an Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF KPIT 091720 Z 091818 22020 KT 3 SM -SHRA BKN 020 FM 2000 30015 G 25 KT 3 SM SHRA OVC 015 PROB 40 2022 1/2 SM TSRA OVC 008 CB. . FM 2300 27008 KT 5 SM -SHRA BKN 020 OVC 040 TEMPO 0407 00000 KT 1 SM -RA FG. . FM 10 00 22010 KT 5 SM -SHRA OVC 020. . BECMG 1315 20010 KT P 6 SM Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF BECMG 1315 20010 KT P 6 SM NSW SKC Z Explanation: The Weather Becoming Between 13 Z and 15 Z, Surface Winds From 200 Degrees at 10 Knots and Visibility of More Than 6 Statute Miles, with No Significant Weather and Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF ZBECMG CLR ? Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF QUESTIONS ? Downloaded from www. avhf. com

METAR/TAF Thank You! Downloaded from www. avhf. com