Metamorphic Rocks Rock Cycle Minerals Igneous Rocks Sedimentary

Metamorphic Rocks Rock Cycle Minerals Igneous Rocks Sedimentary Rocks 100 100 100 200 200 200 300 300 300 400 400 400 500 500 500

What do all igneous rocks start out as?

Magma

When does the rock cycle occur?

ALL the time

What must occur for a sedimentary rock to change to a metamorphic rock?

The rock must be pushed underground and undergo extreme heat and pressure

What do all rocks become as they weather away?

Sediment

How can an igneous rock become a sedimentary rock?

The igneous rock must be weathered and eroded to become sediment and then it gets deposited and compacted and cemented together.

What does SINC stand for?

S – solid I – inorganic N- formed in nature C – crystalline structure

What are at least 5 characteristics of minerals?

1. Streak 2. Luster 3. Hardness 4. Fracture 5. Cleavage 6. Special properties 7. Color (least effective) 8. Density

What is the softest known mineral? Hardest?

Softest – Talc Hardest - Diamond

What are minerals classified by?

What they are made of.

What minerals mostly make-up granite?

Quartz, Feldspar, Mica

What are the two main types of igneous rock?

1. Extrusive (on surface) 2. Intrusive (under surface)

What type of igneous rocks are fine-grained?

extrusive

What are the 3 processes that form igneous rock?

1. Melting 2. Cooling 3. Crystallizing

If magma cools underground what type of igneous rock does that create?

Intrusive

What size crystals does granite have and why?

Large crystals (coarse grained)

When rock gets weathered, what does that create?

Sediment

What are three types of sedimentary rocks?

1. Organic (made from once living things) 2. Chemical (forms when dissolved minerals crystallize out) 3. Clastic (larger pieces of sediment and rock get “glued” together)

What does WEDCC stand for?

Weathering Erosion Deposition Compaction Cementation

Which part of WEDCC moves sediment?

Erosion

How can sedimentary rock become sedimentary rock?

A sedimentary rock will become another sedimentary rock once it is weathered and eroded, then deposited somewhere and the sediments get compacted and cemented together.

What are the two main types of metamorphic rock?

1. Foliated (gneiss) 2. Nonfoliated (marble)

How can any type of rock become a metamorphic rock?

By being pushed down into the Earth and undergoing extreme heat and pressure.

What is contact metamorphism?

Contact metamorphism occurs when rocks get heated up by a nearby igneous intrusion and undergo change becoming a new metamorphic rock.

What is regional metamorphism?

Regional metamorphism occurs when rocks undergo extreme heat and pressure and deformation over a large region.

How can a metamorphic rock become a sedimentary rock?

A metamorphic rock will become a sedimentary rock once it is weathered and eroded, then deposited somewhere and the sediments get compacted and cemented together.