Metabolites Primary Secondary Charlie C Villate Metabolites Intermediates

Metabolites Primary & Secondary Charlie C. Villate

Metabolites üIntermediates and products of Metabolism; üMetabolites have various functions, including fuel, structure, signaling, stimulatory and inhibitory effects on enzymes, catalytic activity of their own, defense, and interactions with other organisms; and, üThese are categorized as Primary & Secondary Metabolites.

Primary Metabolites üIntermediates and products of Primary Metabolism; üDirectly involved in normal growth, development, and reproduction; and, üAbsence of primary metabolites can result in immediate death.

Primary Metabolism (Few) üGlycolysis; üPhotosynthesis; üCitric Acid Cycle; üPentose Phosphate Pathway; üβ-oxidation of fatty acids’ and, üSynthesis of proteins, enzymes and coenzymes.

Secondary Metabolites üOrganic compounds that are not directly involved in the normal growth, development, or reproduction of an organism; üChemical compounds that are found only in specific organisms or groups of organisms as an expression of their individuality; üUsed as defense, attractants, and coloring agents; üProvide most of the pharmacologically active natural products; and, üAbsence of secondary metabolites can result to long-term impairment of the organism's survivability, fecundity, or aesthetics, or perhaps in no significant change at all.

Building blocks of Secondary Metabolites üSecondary metabolites are derived from Primary Metabolites; üThe important building blocks of Secondary Metabolites are derived from the intermediates of: v. Acetyl Co. A; v. Shikimic acid; v. Mevalonic acid; and, v 1 -Deoxyxylulose 5 -phosphate.

Acetyl Co. A üUtilized in acetate pathway; üFormed by oxidative decarboxylation of the glycolysis pathway product of pyruvate; and, üAlso, Acetyl Co. A is produced in the β-Oxidation of Fatty acid.

Secondary Metabolite Willow tree

Secondary Metabolite Prostaglandin E 2

Shikimic Acid üUtilized in shikimate pathway; üProduced from a combination of phosphoenolpyruvate and erythrose-4 -phosphate; üIt can lead to a variety of phenols, cinnamic acid derivatives, and alkaloids. Shikimic Acid

Secondary Metabolite Vincristine Rose Periwinkle

Mevalonic Acid üUtilized in mevalonate pathway; üFormed from three molecules of acetyl-Co. A; and, üThe mevalonate pathway channels acetate into a different series of compounds than does the acetate pathway.

Secondary Metabolite Azadirachtin Neem Tree

1 -Deoxyxylulose 5 -phosphate üUtilized in deoxyxylulose phosphate pathway; üArises from a combination of pyruvic acid and glyceraldehyde 3 -phosphate; and, üResponsible for the biosynthesis of terpenoid and steroid metabolites.

Secondary Metabolite Artemisinin Annual Wormwood

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