Mesopotamia Population Mesopotamia Mesopotamia ancient Greek geographers called

Mesopotamia

Population. Mesopotamia ( Mesopotamia ), ancient Greek geographers called lowland area between the Tigris and the Euphrates , located in their lower and middle reaches From the north and east of Mesopotamia outlying mountains fringing the Armenian and Iranian highlands in the west bordering on the Syrian steppe and semi-desert of Arabia , in the south it is washed Persian Gulf. At the end of the III millennium BC. e. in Mesopotamia from the Syrian steppe began to penetrate western-Semitic pastoral tribes. The Babylonians called these tribes Amorites.

Since IX century. BC. e. in southern Mesopotamia began to invade related Aramean Chaldean tribes who gradually occupied the whole of Babylonia. After the conquest of Mesopotamia by the Persians in 539 BC. e. Aramaic became the official language of the State Chancellery in this country , and Akkadian remained only in the big cities , but there gradually supplanted by Aramaic. Themselves to the Babylonians in I. n. e. fully merged with the Chaldeans , and Aramaeans.

Gilgamesh and Enkidu As for Egypt papyrus plant that was sacred , as for Mesopotamia and Sumer was a fertile land itself. In order to write , you need to display different material pressure from the " handle ", ie writing instrument. Such material in Sumer was soft clay of Mesopotamia, which easily after annealing, and after mixing with asphalt became hard as stone. As a result, Sumerian tablets preserved for 6 millennia and still look quite readable. as well as in Egypt , the first sedentary people settled higher from the river that overflowed the most mysterious and unexpected , seemingly way. Besides , the Euphrates was constantly changing direction and calm today tomorrow site could be flooded with water. Crop at the time filmed only from the open land areas ( ie, where nothing grew that required careful weeding or cutting out ). Sumerians began to land development , where only grew cane, and immediately got two beautiful material - clay and cane itself.

Sumerian monuments have preserved for us the most ancient type of men's clothing so-called kaunakes , which replaced the clothes from animal skins and fur often imitated. Love for fur preserved and Assyrians. Their cloaks decorated scarves and capes , originally also were trimmed with fur, which was later replaced by a fringe.

National dress of the Assyrians had a shirt. In ordinary people it reaches the knees and tied sash , rich people wore colorful shirt to toe and bottom decorated with tassels. Fringed scarves worn only by dignitaries. Staff , who served as a symbol of royal power in the beginning , later began to be used by all nobles.

Particular attention was paid Assyrians decoration hair : hair, beard , mustache , sideburns. Rulers had long hair , often bunched. Beard and mustache carefully curled. In beard plaited gold thread , eyebrows black, and his face whitened and rosy. Assyrian- Babylonian furniture is simple and massive, there is no soft , dynamic lines that used by Egyptians. In dwellings were chairs, stools , ceremonial thrones , couches , benches , canopies.

The main problem in my assumption that this - no one has seen the most ancient civilization in Burma ( so ancient - up to 6 -7 thousand years) , and no one knows about the connection of settlements on the Indus and the Euphrates to the Tigris. . . although the last part we can say a few words. The fact that in the ancient cities of the Indus Valley Civilization , which are now called Mohenjo- daro and Harappa ( there a few smaller ) found signs with Sumerian cuneiform , and in Iraq Harappan weights for scales.

Map of Babylonia and Assyria during the time of King Assurbanipal. There is a list of what the Sumerians made the first in the world , and it is quite impressive. Opening wheel , potter's wheel , bronze, stained glass , creating the most ancient calendars, library catalogs and prescription handbook belongs to the Sumerians. They made the first legal codes and came up with arithmetic. They first calculated the duration of the year and the area of geometric figures. They are the first to create a professional army. They have created the world's first art book.