MESLEK TERMNOLOJ1 Kitap Textbook Serway Physics for scientists

MESLEKİ TERMİNOLOJİ-1 Kitap (Textbook): *Serway Physics, for scientists and Engineers, 6 th Edition, 2000 *Fizik Terimleri Kılavuzu, Prof. Dr. Demir İnan, TMMOB Fizik Mühendisleri Odası Yayınları-14, 2010 Diğer Kaynak Kitaplar (Additional Source) : *University Physics, Sears and Zemansky’s, 12 th Edition, 2008 * L. A. Bloomfield, “How things work: The Physics of Everyday Life”, John Wiley, 2001. Ders İçerikleri (Course Contents): *Basic informations (some useful mathematical notations) *Electric fields, Electiric Potential, Dielectrics, Current and Resistance *Magnetic fields, Electromagnetic Waves, Magnetic Materials, Semiconductor Devices *Photons, Particles and Waves *Atomic Structure and Nuclear Structure Bazı Uygulamalar (Some Applications): *GPS, Fiber Optik, Transistörler, Kütle Spektrometresi, Lazer Yazıcılar, vs

• Ders Değerlendirme (Course Evaluation Criteria): Vize-1 (Midterm-1) %30 Vize-2 (Midterm-2) %30 Final (Final Examination) %40 • Dersin Amacı (Course Outcomes) : Temel kavram ve kuramları öğretmek Fizik terimlerini öğrenmek Teknolojileri öğrenme ve katkıda bulunma Yabancı Dilde bilimsel araştırma ve geliştirmeye yönlendirme

Some Mathematical Notation and Mechanical quantities * The symbol “=” to denote the equality of two quantities (Example: x=4, x is equal to 4) * The symbol “α” is used to denote the proportionality (Example: a α b 2 means that a is proportional to the square of b) * The symbol “<” means less than, and “>” means greater than (Example: a>b means a is greater than b) * The symbol “<<” means much less than, and “>>” means much greater than * The symbol “ ” is used to indicate that two quantities are approximately equal to each other

• The symbol “ ” means is defined as • Δx (delta x) means the change in the quantity x. * a x b means the product of a and b (Example: 2 x 8=16, the product of 2 and 8 is equal to 16) * + plus, - minus, x multiply, ÷ divide (Example: 4 divided by 2 is equal to 2) • 3 x 10 -4= three times ten to the minus four • ∑ (Capital Sigma): to sum several quantities • |x| the magnitude of a quantity x, or absolute value of x

Coordinate System: Vertical axis (x, y): Rectengular Coordinate system y-axis A (x, y) Ѳ (r, ): Polar Coordinate system Ѳ x-axis Horizontal axis *Consider a vector A lying in the xy-plane A=Ax+Ay ; Ax and Ay vector components of A. Magnitude of A : |A|= Ax : is the magnitude of the x-component Ay: is the magnitude of the y-component *Direction of A: * Given two vectors A and B (Cross product) (Dot product)

Basic Mechanical Quantities • Mechanical quantities can be expressed in terms of three fundamental quantities: (in the SI system) mass kilograms (kg) length meter (m) time seconds (s) • The denisty of a substance is defined as its “mass per unit volume”: mass rho (density) volume * The number of atoms in one mole of any element or compound is called Avogadro’s Number, NA , which has the value 6. 02 x 1023 atoms /mole.

POWERS OF TEN VERY LARGE NUMBERS (Astronomy, High Energy Particle Accelerators) or VERY SMALL NUMBERS (cells, molecules, atoms, nuclei, quarks) it is most convenient to use "Powers of Ten" notation. • VERY LARGE NUMBERS: 103 106 109 1012 kilo (k) mega(M) giga(G) tetra(T) ten to the three (thousand) ten to the six (million) ten to the nine (billion) ten to the twelve (trillion) ten to the minus three (thousandth) ten to the minus six (millionth) ten to the minus nine (billionth) ten to the minus twelve (trillionth) • VERY SMALL NUMBERS: 10 -3 10 -6 10 -9 10 -12 milli (m) micro(μ) nano(n) pico(p)

Electron-Volt: • An electron volt is a measure of energy. An electron volt is the kinetic energy gained by an electron passing through a potential difference of one volt. • A volt is not a measure of energy. An electron volt is a measure of energy. • An electron volt is very tiny. 1 e. V = 1. 602 x 10 -19 joules ke. V (Generally using some experimental Physics, i. e. Solid-State P) Me. V (Generally using Nuclear Physics) Ge. V, Te. V (Genarally using High Energy Physics) 103 e. V = 1 ke. V 106 e. V = 1 Me. V 109 e. V = 1 Ge. V 1012 e. V = 1 Te. V

Standards and units – Base units are set for length, time, and mass. – Unit prefixes size the unit to fit the situation. Motion: Macro Motion: Micro

The formation of the universe

Some Physical Constants: Name Symbol Value Electron mass Proton mass Electron charge Proton charge Planck’s constant Speed of light in vacuum me mp -e p, +e ħ=h/2π c 9. 1 x 10 -31 kg 1. 6 x 10 -27 kg -1. 6 x 10 -19 C h=6. 62 x 10 -34 J. s c=2. 99 x 108 m/s Electricity and Magnetism Name Symbol Electric fields E Magnetic fields B Positife charges + Negatif charges Resistors R Batteries (DC power supplies) ε Switches S Name Symbol Capacitors C Inductors (Coils) L Voltmeters V Ammeters A Currents I AC Generators