MENTAL HEALTH Dr Shabareen Tisha School of Public
MENTAL HEALTH Dr. Shabareen Tisha School of Public Health, IUB
GLOBAL ASPECT � MNS Disorder: Mental – Neurological – Substance use According to World Health Organization, "a state of disorder well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of �life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to 10% to 20% of population – one /more MNS Disorder make a contribution to his or her community” � 450 million people diagnosed as MNS Disorder 2
GLOBAL ASPECT � Global Burden of disease - 13. 1% is MNS Disorder According to World Health Organization, "a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her �own One million people commit Suicide each year abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to �make a contribution to his or her community” About 3% of healthcare budget spent for Schizophrenia 3
LOCAL ASPECT: N M H Survey in 2003 -2005 -16. 05% Mental health HR is 4. 9/100, 0000 Population <0. 5% - Health care expenditures for mental health Most of the admitted cases-schizophrenia 4
MENTAL HEALTH According to World Health Organization, "a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community” 5
MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS Mental health problems include all conditions that affect the nervous system along with changes in usual behavioural pattern. Conditions with infectious etiology, such as HIV (infection of the brain) are excluded here. Non-communicable chronic disease. 6
MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS There are different types of mental health problems, some of which are common, such as depression and anxiety disorder, and some are not so common, such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder 7
DEPRESSION A mood disorder characterized by overwhelming feelings or sadness, Lack of interest in activities Excessive guilt Feeling of worthlessness. 8
ANXIETY DISORDER It is a blanket term covering several different forms of a type of common psychiatric disorder characterized by excessive worrying, uneasiness, fear about future uncertainties either based on real or imagined events. 9
ANXIETY DISORDER In the case of anxiety disorder, that particular person doesn’t know why he or she is afraid or why the anxiety is inappropriate to the circumstances. 10
SCHIZOPHRENIC DISORDERS Severe disorders in which there are disturbances of thoughts, communications and emotions including delusions and hallucinations 11
SCHIZOPHRENIC DISORDERS � Delusions: False beliefs about reality that have no basis in facts. � Hallucinations: Sensory experiences in the absence of external stimulation. 12
BIPOLAR DISORDER A mood disorder In which periods of mania (craze) and depression alternate, sometimes with periods of normal mood intervening. 13
SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER "substance abuse" has come to refer to the excess in and dependence of a drug or other chemical leading to effects that are harmful to the individual's physical and mental health, or the welfare of others. 14
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR MENTAL DISORDERS Social Biological Psychologic al Mental Disorder 15
CONTINUE: Poverty Social Gender Family Workplace/schoo l Community 16
CONTINUE Poverty (Frustration & Low self stream) Gender (Depressed & suicidal tendency) Family (Drug abuse & depression) • • • Low standard of living Poor education Food insecurity Poor housing Low socioeconomic status & financial stress • • Disproportionately affected by poverty Victim of violence within family Sexually abused during child hood Postnatal depression – Baby girl born • Divorce(Partner + Children) • Poor family management & discipline • No family 17
CONTINUE: Workplace • Fail to perform at expected level • No motivation from employer (Depression) Community • Exposure to violence • Transition– urbanization • Migration & Refugee issue • • Poor physical health Loss of social support Disruption of family Minority issue 18
CONTINUE: Biological Genetic Disease, injury and infection Pregnancy and birth 19
CONTINUE: Maladaptive Personality Em Psychosocial n ot di al io ffi & l a cu u x p er t l Se use al son ab ity 20
HOW DOES AN UNDERSTANDING OF ETIOLOGY HELPS ITS MANAGEMENT: Treatment Prevention Psychotherapy Educate the public Pharmacotherapy Involve communities, families and consumers National policies & legislation Develop Human resources 21
Thanks
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