Mental Disorders Causes of Mental Disorders Life Crisis

Mental Disorders

Causes of Mental Disorders • Life Crisis: a shocking experience that causes a high level of mental stress • Environmental Stress: Physical or mental demands associated with your surroundings – Family is most influential environmental factor • Hereditary: Some mental illness is inherited • Organic Mental Disorders: Caused by physical conditions that affect the brain

Major Types of Mental Disorders • • • Anxiety Disorders Dissociate Disorder Mood Disorder Personality Disorder Psychotic Disorders Somatoform Disorders Adjustment Disorders Factitious Disorders Tic Disorders Impulsive Control and Addiction Disorders Sexual or Gender Disorders Eating Disorders

Anxiety Disorder Real or Imagined fears occur so often that they prevent a person from enjoying life 3 Types 1. Phobias: Excessive fear of a situation, object or person 2. Obsessive - Compulsive Behavior: Characterized by unreasonable thoughts and actions that are rigid, inflexible, and repetitive 3. General Anxiety Disorder: Feeling of being anxious, tense, fearful and upset most of the time

Dissociate Disorders Person separates themselves and their memories from their real personality 2 Major Areas 1. Amnesia: Inability to recall past experiences 2. Multiple Personality Disorder: Two or more personalities occur in the same person

Mood Disorders Someone has moods that are extreme and interfere with daily living Depression: Intense feelings of sadness Mania: The fast ideas start coming too fast and there are far too many of them Bipolar or Maniac Depression Disorder: Person’s mood varies from being very happy (excited) to very depressed

Personality Disorders Extreme and inflexible personality traits that are distressing to the person and/or cause problems in work, school, or social relationships. In addition, the person's patterns of thinking and behavior significantly differ from the expectations of society and are so rigid that they interfere with the person's normal functioning Examples of Personality Disorders Avoidant: Avoids all social contact Anti-Social: Little concern for the rights of others. Characterized by excessive drinking, fighting and irresponsibility Dependent: Very insecure. Leans on others for almost everything Histrionic: Emotional outburst and behaves in ways to draw attention Narcissistic: Vain, boastful, conceited and inconsiderate of others Passive-Aggressive: Switches back and forth between being forceful and frightened Schizoid: Has disturbing thought patterns, prefers social isolation, does not enjoy life

Psychotic Disorders Distorted awareness and thinking Two of the most common symptoms 1. Hallucinations -- the experience of images or sounds that are not real 2. Delusions -- which are false beliefs that the ill person accepts as true, despite evidence to the contrary Example Schizophrenia: Split or breakdown in the logical thought process

Somatoform Disorders Physical symptoms of illness from emotional causes, but no physical explanation 2 Major Types 1. Hypochondriac: Has constant anxiety about illness 2. Conversion Disorder: Sudden change in a person’s body that, to some extent, provide a solution to a problem

Adjustment Disorder Develops emotional or behavioral symptoms in response to a stressful event or situation (not physical) Examples Post Traumatic Stress: Disorder which can occur after you've seen or experienced a traumatic event that involved the threat of injury or death. Can sometimes be temporary.

Factitious Disorders Conditions in which physical and/or emotional symptoms are created in order to place the individual in the role of a patient or a person in need of help Different than hypochondriac – They develop the condition for the medical attention they crave

Tic Disorders Make sounds or display body movements that are repeated, quick, sudden, and/or uncontrollable Example Tourette's Disorder: Make sounds or movements-such as coughing or twitching-that they can't control Not cussing as movies seem to portray

Impulsive Control and Addiction Disorders Unable to resist urges, or impulses, to perform acts that could be harmful to themselves or others Example Pyromania: Starts Fires Kleptomania: Stealing Alcoholic and Drug Addict: Addiction to narcotic substances

Sexual Disorders Affect sexual desire, performance, and behavior Examples Sexual Dysfunction: Inability to fully enjoy sexual intercourse

Eating Disorders Extreme emotions, attitudes, and behaviors involving weight and food 2 Types Anorexia Nervosa: Intense fear of gaining weight and can become dangerously thin. Starve themselves Bulimia Nervosa: Intense fear of gaining weight bingeing on food followed by purging. Vomiting, Laxatives, Diuretics are used