MENA 3100 271 09 OBK Xray diffraction XRD

$MENA 3100, 27/1 -09, OBK X-ray diffraction XRD Røntgendiffraksjon Single crystal Powder$

MENA 3100, 27/1 -09, OBK X-ray diffraction XRD Røntgendiffraksjon Single crystal Powder

$Diffraction$

Diffraction

Crystal Atomic arrangement Lattice

$X-ray diffraction Need X-rays Wavelenght Cu. Ka 1 = 1. 54056 Å Mo. Ka$

X-ray diffraction Need X-rays Wavelenght Cu. Ka 1 = 1. 54056 Å Mo. Ka 1 = 0. 70930 Å Characteristic X-rays Brehmsstrahlung = white radiation Cu. Ka 1 = 1. 54056 Å Cu. Ka 2 = 1. 54433 Å I(Cu. Ka 1) = 2·I(Cu. Ka 2) Cu. Ka = 1. 5418 Å

Need sample Single crystal Powder

$Need experimental setup Bragg-Brentano geometry (Primary monochromator) Diffractometer (Secondary monochromator)$

Need experimental setup Bragg-Brentano geometry (Primary monochromator) Diffractometer (Secondary monochromator)

Want monochromatic radiation Characteristic X-rays Brehmsstrahlung = white radiation Monochromators: Many possibilities

Euclid, The Elements (300 B. C. ) Proposition 21, Book III: The angles in the same segment of a circle are equal to another Johansson monochromator

Bragg-Brentano geometry The source S can be:

Need detector … Need some slits … Fixed slits: Smaler area at high angle Smaller area at high angles Variable slits: Same area at all angles S Sample

The experiment Got some crystals Want a powder Gets lot of small crystals

Want powder Random orientation

$The result The diffractogram Quartz (Don’t call it spectrum)$

The result The diffractogram Quartz (Don’t call it spectrum)

Why?

Identification PDF = JCPDS

Indexing

Lattice dimensions

Strain Particle size

Fluorescens

Cu. Ka 1 = 1. 54056 Å Cu. Ka 2 = 1. 54433 Å Primary and secondary monochromators

Rietveld refinement