MENA 3100 261 10 Optical microscopy We want
- Slides: 28
MENA 3100, 26/1 -10 Optical microscopy We want to see more details Magnification Resolution Contrast Simple microscope
The simple microscope Antony van Leeuwenhoek (1632− 1723)
The compound microscope ca. 1595 Hans Janssen Robert Hooke (1635− 1703) Micrographia, 1664
Don’t get too hang up in the ray tracing
Stereo microscope
Compound microscope for transmitted light
Inverted compound microscope for reflected light
www. microscopy-analysis. com/files/ jwiley_microscopy/2006_Sept_Hammond. pdf
Illuminating system Specimen Condenser lens Aperture diaphragm Field diaphragm Filament
Illuminating system Specimen Condenser lens Aperture diaphragm Köhler illumination Uniform specimen illumination Field diaphragm Controll illuminated area Field diaphragm Filament Aperture diaphragm Controll angle of the cone of light
Imaging system Eyepiece Okular Tube lens Objective Specimen
Primary image
Refraction Kromatisk abberation
Spherical abberation
Corrections The objective
Numerical aperture (NA) NA = nsina Resolution R = 0, 61 l/NA Rayleigh criterion (Raleigh in Brandon and Kaplan)
The limiting factor: Diffraction NA = nsina Oil immersion
More is needed than just the objective Condenser system Eyepice Ocular (okular)
Optical anisotropy Calcite
Amorphous and cubic: Optically isotropic, one refracive index Hexagonal, trigonal, tetragonal: Optically anisotropic, two refractive indices Lower symmetry: Optically anisotropic, three refractive indices
Optically active crystals in the microscope
Optically active crystals in the microscope
Michel-Levy chart
Remember that geologists often call their book on microscopy on thin sections for optical crystallography, and microscopy with reflected light is ore microscopy (malmmikroskopi). Some web sites: http: //www. olympusmicro. com/primer/ http: //www. microscopyu. com/ http: //www. micro. magnet. fsu. edu/primer/pdfs/basicsandbeyond. pdf maintenance: http: //www. zeiss. de/C 1256 D 18002 CC 306/0/1205 E 8 CBD 68054 EAC 125701500404705/$file/46 -0009_e. pdf