Men Reproductive Health NPP RCH 2 NRHM History

History of Male Participation in Reproductive Health India • Old - Much before Cairo

Renewed Interest in Working with Men • HIV Pandemic • Emphasis on Gender equity

Gender and Men in NPP Gender – 3; Men – 9 ; Boys –

Gender in National Health Policy Gender – 0; Men – 0; Boys – 0;

Gender in NRHM • The word ‘gender’ is present in three: the Mission document,

Gender, Men and RCH 2 • One Supportive Document on Gender • Gender seen

Some Results • Emphasis on Non-scalpel Vasectomy • Marathon Male Sterilisation Camps – 1400+

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Men, Reproductive Health NPP, RCH 2 NRHM

History of Male Participation in Reproductive Health India • Old - Much before Cairo • Men participated in Post Independence Nation building by participating in FP program as vasectomy acceptors • NGO programs address men for practical reasons Emergency excesses

Renewed Interest in Working with Men • HIV Pandemic • Emphasis on Gender equity and equality in policies and programs – Post CEDAW & Beijing • Post ICPD changes • Male Involvement in Family Planning Programs • Adolescent Reproductive Health

Gender and Men in NPP Gender – 3; Men – 9 ; Boys – 2; Man/ Boy – 0; Equality - 0 • Increased participation of Men in Planned Parenthood – gender imbalance in sterilisation • Boys – Education of girls in the context of boys • Adolescents – Boys and girls – access to RH services

Gender in National Health Policy Gender – 0; Men – 0; Boys – 0; Equality-0 • Women and children – disadvantaged group • Women and children – micronutrient deficiency • Only a section on Women’s Health - Social, cultural and economic factors - acknowledged; catalytic role of empowered women in improving the overall health standards; specific programmes targeted at women’s health – passing mention

Gender in NRHM • The word ‘gender’ is present in three: the Mission document, the NRHM Framework of Implementation and (draft) Framework for Preparing District Health Action Plans. • There is no mention of the word gender in the documents relating to JSY, ASHA, Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ); Indian Public Health Standard Guidelines and so on. • However concepts allied to gender like male participation or privacy and confidentiality for women users are addressed in these documents. • Gender in the context of demographic imbalance; 10% allocation on gender sensitive schemes

Gender, Men and RCH 2 • One Supportive Document on Gender • Gender seen as a cross cutting issue • Male participation – in child health, in overall family’s health and in contraception ( 7/ 12) • Training of service providers in gender

Some Results • Emphasis on Non-scalpel Vasectomy • Marathon Male Sterilisation Camps – 1400+ in Sitapur, 3000+ in Satna • Coercion of Men – Lakhimpur Kheri case; Satna – rickshaw-pullers coerced; gun-licences for sterilisation – UP • Working with community and religious leaders on issue of sex pre-selection using protection of the girl child and female foeticide language