Meiosis Genetic Inherited Diseases By Mary Abdel Messih

Meiosis &Genetic Inherited Diseases By: Mary Abdel Messih AP Biology and Biology H Teacher 9 th Grade Mentor North Arlington High School 222 Ridge Road North Arlington, NJ 07031 201 -991 -6800

Meiosis & The Genetic Disorders • The so-called 'DNA Revolution' has allowed the medical world to diagnosis diseases in unborn babies. Some of these disorders result from errors during meiosis or mutation in the genetic code. Parents of many families who were informed that their infants will likely suffer from a genetic disorder are desperately need the help of a genetic counselor team to understand deal with the situation properly. They need the help of your team.

Your Task You are a member of a genetic counselor team works in a hospital to present accurate information to parents about one of the following genetic disorders which afflicts their children: Colorblindness Cystic fibrosis Sickle cell disease Huntington's disease Duchenne muscular dystrophy Hemophilia Klinefelter's syndrome Turner's syndrome Down Syndrome Haemochromatosis Neurofibromatosis Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) Prader–Willi syndrome Tay–Sachs disease As a genetic counselor team, you will fully describe the genetic disorder, explain why it works the way it does, types of treatment, defend genetic issues and help the family come to understanding with any ethical implications of treatment. To do so your team should prepare a multimedia presentation in which each member will present a Five minutes explanation. At the end of the presentation, you will allow the audience to ask questions. Final Report

You should pick a role of one of the four members that form your genetic counselor team: As a Biologist As a Social worker As a Genetic Engineer As a Geneticist • You will be responsible for: • Preparing written answers to the guiding questions. • Presenting the five minutes explanation for your role in the presentation day. Final Report

As a Biologist, you should present an illustration of the cell division, how genes are inherited through the process of meiosis, how babies get half of their chromosomes from each one of their parents and discuss the results of the errors that may happen during meiosis. You should cover the following guide questions: • What is DNA? What is its chemical structure? What is the relation between DNA, genes, and chromosomes? • What is meiosis? Describe the different phases of meiosis? When and where it happens in the human body? • Explain oogenesis and spermatogenesis? why do you think cytoplasmic cleavage is equal in spermatogenesis, but unequal in oogenesis? What is the advantage of having one ovum and four sperms in meiosis? • What is crossing over? When it happens? What is the significance of it? What is meant by the terms synapsis and chiasma? • What is independent assortment process? What role does it play in producing unique characteristics? What is aneuploidy and euploidy? • Explain the role of meiosis in an organism's sexual life cycle? Discuss the relationship between sex and reproduction. As a Social worker As a Genetic Engineer Back to Task Page Back to Process Page As a Geneticist Final Report

As a Genetic Engineer, your role is to investigate the potential cure of the disorder. You should cover the following guide questions: • What is DNA? What is its chemical structure? What is the relation between DNA, genes, and chromosomes? • What is meiosis? Describe the different phases of meiosis? When and where it happens in the human body? • Explain oogenesis and spermatogenesis? why do you think cytoplasmic cleavage is equal in spermatogenesis, but unequal in oogenesis? What is the advantage of having one ovum and four sperms in meiosis? • What is the perfect time for gene testing? On which chromosome the disorder is located? What are the possible options that the parent may have if they do the gene testing before, after starting a family? • What are the current accepted treatments for the disorder? Include early detection programs, counseling, physical therapy, and/or drug therapy which might be applied to this disease. • What are the experimental treatments now available due to the incredible progress of the Human Genome Project ( include all possible cures and all research being conducted today in regards to this disorder. ) As a Biologist Back to Task Page As a Social worker Back to Process Page Final Report As a Geneticist

As a Social worker, you should research any possible ethical issues involved with this disorder. You should inform the parents about privacy issues and fair practices in using genetic information. You should cover the following guide questions: • What is DNA? What is its chemical structure? What is the relation between DNA, genes, and chromosomes? • What is meiosis? Describe the different phases of meiosis? When and where it happens in the human body? • Explain oogenesis and spermatogenesis? why do you think cytoplasmic cleavage is equal in spermatogenesis, but unequal in oogenesis? What is the advantage of having one ovum and four sperms in meiosis? • What are the social cost of the genetic disease on the personal, marital, parental, family, group, and community level? What is everyday life like? What is the quality of life? • According to your understanding of social suggestion, moral obligations, and the legal consequence of genetic manipulation and treatment, what is the course of actions that the parent may think about which seems to be appropriate in view of their risk, their family goals, and their ethical and religious standards? • What are some organizations that can help a family cope with a child's disorder (Examples: experimental therapy, institutional care, and whether the parents should have more children) As a Biologist As a Genetic Engineer As a Geneticist Final Report Back to Task Page Back to Process Page

As a Geneticist, your role is to explain the disorder to the parents. You should cover the following guide questions: • What is DNA? What is its chemical structure? What is the relation between DNA, genes, and chromosomes? • What is meiosis? Describe the different phases of meiosis? When and where it happens in the human body? • Explain oogenesis and spermatogenesis? why do you think cytoplasmic cleavage is equal in spermatogenesis, but unequal in oogenesis? What is the advantage of having one ovum and four sperms in meiosis? • What makes the disease genetic? What are the causes of it? How does a person inherit it? What are the possible genotypes of the parents? • What are the effects and symptoms of the disease? Is it dominant or recessive? What are the chances of a person with this disease passing it to the next generations? • What is the life expectancy of someone with the disease? How common is the disease in the population As a Biologist As a Social worker As a Genetic Engineer Final Report Back to Task Page Back to Process Page

Final Report Congratulations Final Report You became an expert in genetic disorders. Now you should have a clear understanding to many genetic diseases after you have investigated one of them and have listed to your classmates presentations. You should be familiar with parent testing, causes of different genetic disorders, how they are recognized, the available treatments for the symptoms, and the possible ways to treat these disorders at the root of the problem through genetic engineering. the final part is to write a 500 -word report that reflects your opinion about this activity and turn in after the presentation. Your report should cover the following points: 1. Was it interesting to learn about this topic? 2. Did you learn things that you didn't know before? Explain. 3. Have you ever imagined that you could have been a parent to a child with a genetic disease? 4. After the experience you have gained from this activity, have you changed your mind regarding how to deal with kids having genetic disorders. 5. Do you think a web quest is an effective learning experience, especially for this topic? 6. Did you like working in group? Why not? 7. Any recommended comments for anyone else who might be doing this activity.