MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY Most medical terms are formed by

MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY Most medical terms are formed by a combination of basic word parts

Word Parts Word Roots • Act as the foundation of most medical terms • Usually indicate the involved body part l encephal/o l cardi/o l pneum/o brain heart lung

Suffixes • Found at the end of a word • Usually indicate the procedure, condition, disorder, or disease l -ectomy l -osis l -oma surgical removal of abnormal condition tumor

Prefixes • Found at the beginning of a word • Usually indicate location, time, number, or status l postl peril tri- after around three

Combining Vowels *A combining vowel may be needed between the word root and the suffix to make the medical term easier to pronounce

Combining Vowels 1. A combining vowel – usually “o”- is used when the suffix begins with a consonant EX: neur/o (nerve) + -plasty (surgical repair) neuroplasty

Combining Vowels 2. A combining vowel is not used when the suffix begins with a vowel EX: neur/o (nerve) + -itis (inflammation) neuritis

Combining Vowels 3. A combining vowel is always used when two or more root words are joined EX: gastr/o(stomach) + enter/o(intestine) gastroentero Gastroentero + -itis = gastroenteritis

Combining Vowels 4. A prefix does not require a combining vowel

Practice Prefix poly- + Root Word neur/o + Suffix -itis polyneuritis inflammation of many nerves

Practice Prefix + hyperexcessive Root Word gastr/o stomach + hypergastralgia excessive stomach pain Suffix -algia pain

Terminology Game

hyperemesis splenomegaly hemangioma bradypnea cholecystectomy hyperglycemia osteomyelitis endocarditis endoscopicretrogradecholangiopancreatography

Assigned Root Words l angi/o vessel l cardi/o heart l colon/o, col/o colon (lg intestine) l derm/o, dermat/o skin l enter/o intestine l gastr/o stomach l my/o muscle l neur/o nerve l trache/o trachea

Assigned Prefixes l hyperl hypol postl pre- excessive, above less than, below after before

Assigned Suffixes l -algia l -ectomy l -emesis l -gram l -ic l -itis l -ologist l -ology pain surgical removal of vomit record pertaining to inflammation of specialist study of

Assigned Suffixes l -ostomy l -otomy l -plasty l -scopy l -ia l -ism l -osis l -otic artificial opening incision into surgical repair visual exam condition

Physician’s Orders 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Diagnosis: Congestive Heart Failure Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing every 4 hours Chest x-ray immediately Arterial blood gases, complete blood count, electrolytes, and urinalysis Intravenous of normal saline at 100 cubic centimeters per hour

Physician’s Orders 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Dx: CHF IPPB q 4 h CXR stat ABGs, CBC, lytes, UA IV of NS @ 100 cc/hr

Medical Abbreviations • Medical abbreviations are used to cut down on the time spent documenting patient care • Some abbreviations are universal - others are specific to areas of the country or medical facilities • Upper and lower case specific

Medical Abbreviations EX: pt = patient PT = physical therapy *It is YOUR responsibility to know the approved medical abbreviations for your medical facility

Assigned Abbreviations _ l c : with _ l s : without _ l p : after _ l a : before

Assigned Abbreviations l @ at l h hour l ad lib as desired l MD medical doctor l ASAP as soon as possible l prn as needed l q every l c/o complains of l pt day l stat l d l Dx, dx diagnosis (what’s wrong) l TLC patient immediately tender, loving care

Medical Abbreviations l bid twice a day l HOB head of bed l qid four times a day l D/C discharge, l tid three times a day l qod every other day l tx treatment l CXR chest x ray l Sx sign, symptom l Hx History l VS vital signs l NPO discontinue Nothing by mouth